{"id":511,"date":"2009-01-29T15:03:22","date_gmt":"2009-01-29T19:03:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.law.harvard.edu\/guorui\/?p=511"},"modified":"2009-01-29T15:03:47","modified_gmt":"2009-01-29T19:03:47","slug":"%e6%9c%b1%e6%99%af%e6%96%87%ef%bc%9a%e4%b8%ad%e5%9b%bd%e8%af%89%e8%ae%bc%e5%88%86%e6%b5%81%e7%9a%84%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/archive.blogs.harvard.edu\/guorui\/2009\/01\/29\/%e6%9c%b1%e6%99%af%e6%96%87%ef%bc%9a%e4%b8%ad%e5%9b%bd%e8%af%89%e8%ae%bc%e5%88%86%e6%b5%81%e7%9a%84%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6731\u666f\u6587\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bc9\u8bbc\u5206\u6d41\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bc9\u8bbc\u5206\u6d41\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6731\u666f\u6587<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3010\u5185\u5bb9\u63d0\u8981\u3011<\/span> <\/span>\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u8fc5\u901f\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u4f46<\/span>1997\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u589e\u957f\u7387\u660e\u663e\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u8f6c\u578b\u671f\u8bc9\u8bbc\u589e\u957f\u7387\u4e0d\u5347\u53cd\u964d\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u975e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7ea0\u7eb7\u89e3\u51b3\u673a\u5236\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u6cd5\u9662\u516c\u4fe1\u529b\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u6765\u5206\u6790\u7ea0\u7eb7\u7684\u8d70\u5411\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u4e0e\u975e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7ea0\u7eb7\u89e3\u51b3\u673a\u5236\u7684\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u3001\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u548c\u6bd4\u91cd\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bc9\u8bbc\u589e\u957f\u7387\u7684\u4e0b\u964d\u4e5f\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u4eba\u6c11\u8c03\u89e3\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4ef2\u88c1\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u884c\u653f\u89e3\u51b3\u673a\u5236\u7684\u589e\u5f3a\u3001\u4e0d\u53d7\u7406\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u653f\u7b56\u3001\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\u7528\u6539\u9769\u4ee5\u53ca\u9488\u5bf9\u53f8\u6cd5\u8150\u8d25\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5236\u5ea6\u6027\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u904f\u5236\u4e86\u8bc9\u8bbc\u91cf\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u589e\u957f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

<\/p>\n

<\/span>\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u6cd5\u5236\u5316\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u5728\u89e3\u51b3\u7ea0\u7eb7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6240\u8d77\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5927\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u660e\u663e\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u4e00\u5ba1\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u6536\u6848\u6570\u91cf<\/span>1978\u5e74\u4e3a<\/span>44\u4e07\u4ef6\uff0c<\/span>1996\u5e74\u8d85\u8fc7<\/span>500\u4e07\u4ef6\uff0c\u603b\u91cf\u589e\u957f\u4e86<\/span>10\u500d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u4f46\u81ea<\/span>1997\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u5ba1\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u6536\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u518d\u6ca1\u6709\u4ee5\u6bcf\u51e0\u5e74\u5c31\u589e\u52a0<\/span>100\u4e07\u4ef6\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u8fc5\u901f\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728<\/span>500\u591a\u4e07\u4ef6\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0a\u5f98\u5f8a\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u2460<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u8bb8\u591a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u4f1a\u76f8\u5e94\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u8f6c\u578b\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u77db\u76fe\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4f1a\u6709\u6108\u6765\u6108\u591a\u7684\u4e89\u7aef\u6d8c\u5411\u6cd5\u9662\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u968f\u7740\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u8d8b\u4e8e\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u672c\u8eab\u7531\u5931\u8303\u8f6c\u5411\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u589e\u957f\u7387\u8d8b\u4e8e\u5e73\u7f13\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u2461\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u6539\u9769\u7684\u6df1\u5165\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u786e\u5b9e\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\u589e\u957f\u7387\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u4f46\u4e2d\u56fd\u6240\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u603b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\uff1a\u793e\u4f1a\u8f6c\u578b\u8fdc\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u4ee5\u6765\u79ef\u7d2f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u5982\u4e1c\u897f\u90e8\u4e4b\u95f4\u3001\u57ce\u4e61\u4e4b\u95f4\u3001\u8d2b\u5bcc\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u522b\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u539f\u6709\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u4ea7\u6743\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u5206\u914d\u5236\u5ea6\u7b49\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u5236\u6539\u9769\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u8fdc\u8fdc\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u6539\u9769\u3001\u4f4f\u623f\u6539\u9769\u3001\u533b\u7597\u536b\u751f\u6539\u9769\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u969c\u6539\u9769\u7b49\u6240\u66b4\u9732\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8868\u9762\u5316\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5b8c\u5168\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u7406\u8bba\u89e3\u91ca\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bc9\u8bbc\u589e\u957f\u7387\u4e0b\u964d\u5728\u524d\u63d0\u4e0a\u662f\u6210\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\u9762\u5bf9\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u7fa4\u4f17\u65e5\u76ca\u589e\u957f\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u9700\u6c42\u4e0e\u53f8\u6cd5\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u76f8\u9002\u5e94\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u65e5\u76ca\u7a81\u51fa\uff0c\u2462\u4e8e\u662f\u91c7\u53d6\u5206\u6d41\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4e89\u7aef\u901a\u8fc7\u975e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u7ea0\u7eb7\u89e3\u51b3\u673a\u5236\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u7b26\u5408\u5b9e\u9645\uff0c\u539f\u672c\u53ef\u80fd\u5230\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e89\u7aef\u7a76\u7adf\u5206\u6d41\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u5730\u65b9\uff1f\u672c\u6587\u8bd5\u56fe\u4ece\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u4ee5\u6765\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5206\u6790\u5165\u624b\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u5256\u6790\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u4e00\u3001\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u957f\u4e0e<\/span>GDP\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u6309\u7167\u5112\u5bb6\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u538c\u8bc9\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u524d\u9664\u4e86\u5728<\/span>50\u5e74\u4ee3\u7531\u4e8e\u5f53\u65f6\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5982\u571f\u5730\u6539\u9769\u3001\u5a5a\u59fb\u6cd5\u7684\u9881\u5e03\u3001\u9547\u538b\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u3001\u53cd\u53f3\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u8d85\u8fc7<\/span>100\u4e07\u4ef6\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5e74\u4efd\u90fd\u4e0d\u8db3<\/span>50\u4e07\u4ef6\uff0c<\/span>1979\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u5f00\u59cb\u8fc5\u901f\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u524d\u540e\u76f8\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e00\u5ba1\u8bc9\u8bbc\u603b\u91cf\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u66f2\u7ebf\u5448<\/span>U\u5b57\u5f62\uff0c\u660e\u663e\u80fd\u591f\u770b\u51fa\u8bc9\u8bbc\u66f2\u7ebf\u7684\u62d0\u70b9\u6070\u6070\u5c31\u5728\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u521d<\/span>(\u56fe<\/span>1)\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u957f\u4e0e<\/span>GDP\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u3002<\/span>1979-2006\u5e74\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u4e3a<\/span>9.6\uff05\u3002\u6309\u7167\u56fd\u5bb6\u7edf\u8ba1\u5c40\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c<\/span>GDP\u6307\u6570\u5982\u679c\u4ee5<\/span>1978\u5e74\u4e3a<\/span>100\uff0c<\/span>2006\u5e74\u5219\u4e3a<\/span>1334.0\uff0c\u2463\u5176\u95f4\u4e2d\u56fd<\/span>GDP\u7684\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u4e3a<\/span> 10.8\uff05\u3002\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u4e0e<\/span>GDP\u6307\u6570\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u4e3a<\/span>0.86(\u8868<\/span>1)\uff0c\u5448\u5f3a\u76f8\u5173\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u5206\u6790\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c<\/span>GDP\u7684\u589e\u957f\u66f2\u7ebf\u4e0e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u66f2\u7ebf\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5\u5448\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5728\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u5448\u5feb\u901f\u4e0a\u5347\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c<\/span>90\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d85\u8fc7<\/span>500\u4e07\u4ef6\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u4f46\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u53d8\u5f97\u5e73\u7f13\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u4e0b\u964d\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002<\/span>90\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u66f2\u7ebf\u4e0e<\/span>GDP\u6307\u6570\u66f2\u7ebf<\/span>(\u4ee5<\/span>1978\u5e74\u4e3a<\/span>100\u4e07<\/span>)\u662f\u5e73\u884c\u524d\u8fdb\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u5728<\/span>1996\u5e74\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u663e\u7684\u53cd\u5dee\uff0c<\/span>GDP\u7ee7\u7eed\u4ee5<\/span>10\uff05\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u800c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u66f2\u7ebf\u5219\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u62d0\u70b9\uff0c\u589e\u957f\u901f\u5ea6\u51cf\u7f13\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0b\u964d<\/span>(\u56fe<\/span>2)\u3002\u4ece\u5b9e\u9645\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u5b57\u770b\uff0c<\/span>1979-1996\u5e74\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u4e3a<\/span>15.4\uff05\uff0c\u4e0e<\/span>GDP\u6307\u6570\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u4e3a<\/span>0.98\uff1b\u800c<\/span>1997-2006\u5e74\u589e\u957f\u7387\u53d8\u4e3a<\/span>-0.2\uff05\uff0c\u4e0e<\/span>GDP\u6307\u6570\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u53d8\u4e3a<\/span>-0.65(\u8868<\/span>1)\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>D415S801.jpg<\/p>\n

<\/span>\u56fe<\/span>1 \u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u4e00\u5ba1\u6848\u4ef6\u6536\u6848\u6570\u91cf<\/span>(1950-2006)<\/p>\n

<\/span>\u6ce8\uff1a\u591a\u9879\u5f0f<\/span>(\u4e00\u5ba1\u603b\u6570<\/span>)\u4e3a\u4e00\u5ba1\u603b\u6570\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u66f2\u7ebf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u8d44\u6599\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<\/span>1950-1985\u5e74\u6570\u5b57\u89c1\u5317\u5927\u6cd5\u610f\u7f51\uff0c\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\uff1a\u300a<\/span>1950-1998\u5e74\u5168\u56fd\u6cd5\u9662\u5211\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u4e00\u89c8\u8868\u300b\u3001\u300a<\/span>1950-1998\u5e74\u6c11\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u4e00\u89c8\u8868\u300b<\/span>(http:\/\/www.lawyee.net\/OT-Data\/Judicial-Stat.asp)\uff1b<\/span>1986-2004\u5e74\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u89c1\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5e74\u9274\u300b<\/span>(\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5e74\u9274\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c<\/span>1987-2005\u5e74<\/span>)\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8d44\u6599\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7ed8\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>D415S802.jpg<\/p>\n

<\/span>\u56fe<\/span>2 \u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u4e0e<\/span>GDP\u6307\u6570<\/span>(1978-2006)<\/p>\n

<\/span>\u8868<\/span>1 \u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5\u4e00\u5ba1\u5404\u7c7b\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u548c\u4e0e<\/span>GDP\u6307\u6570\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570<\/span>(1979-2006)<\/p>\n

\n

<\/span> <\/span>\u5211\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u6c11\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6 <\/span> <\/span>\u884c\u653f\u6848\u4ef6 <\/span> <\/span>\u4e00\u5ba1\u6848\u4ef6<\/span><\/p>\n

\u589e\u957f\u7387<\/span>(\uff05<\/span>) \u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u3000\u3000\u589e\u957f\u7387<\/span>(\uff05<\/span>) \u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u3000\u589e\u957f\u7387<\/span>(\uff05<\/span>) \u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u3000\u3000\u589e\u957f\u7387<\/span>(\uff05<\/span>) \u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570<\/span><\/p>\n

1979-2006 <\/span>9.7 <\/span>0.85 <\/span>10 <\/span>0.84 <\/span> 53.8 <\/span> 0.88 <\/span> 9.6 <\/span>0.86<\/p>\n

1979-1996 <\/span> 12.6 <\/span>0.74 <\/span> 16.9 <\/span> 0.99 <\/span> 93.3 <\/span> 0.95 <\/span>15.4 <\/span>0.98<\/p>\n

1997-2006 <\/span>2.1 <\/span>0.90 <\/span>-0.45 <\/span>-0.82 <\/span>2.4 <\/span> 0.034 <\/span> -0.2 <\/span> -0.65<\/p>\n

\n

\n

<\/span>\u4e3a\u4f55\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u957f\u4e0e<\/span>GDP\u6307\u6570\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u5728<\/span>1996\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u660e\u663e\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u4e8c\u3001\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u548c\u8861\u91cf\u8bc9\u8bbc\u91cf\u5206\u6d41\u7684\u6307\u6807<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u8d77\u4f0f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u591a\u79cd\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5927\u81f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u975e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7ea0\u7eb7\u89e3\u51b3\u673a\u5236\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u516c\u4fe1\u529b\u4e09\u4e2a\u56e0\u7d20\u52a0\u4ee5\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>1. \u975e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7ea0\u7eb7\u89e3\u51b3\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8c03\u89e3\u3001\u4ef2\u88c1\u3001\u884c\u653f\u6267\u6cd5\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4e89\u7aef\u5728\u6cd5\u9662\u4e4b\u5916\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u5f00\u6e90\u201d\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u5143\u5316\u7684\u7ea0\u7eb7\u89e3\u51b3\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u7684\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e89\u7aef\u4e0d\u662f\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u6cd5\u9662\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7f13\u89e3\u4e86\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\u538b\u529b\u3002\u2464\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u51cf\u5c11\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u8c03\u89e3\u3001\u4ef2\u88c1\u3001\u884c\u653f\u6267\u6cd5\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u591a\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u660e\u975e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7ea0\u7eb7\u89e3\u51b3\u673a\u5236\u8d77\u5230\u5206\u6d41\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>2.\u53f8\u6cd5\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u6cd5\u9662\u901a\u8fc7\u67d0\u79cd\u53f8\u6cd5\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e0d\u53d7\u7406\u67d0\u7c7b\u6848\u4ef6\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\uff0c\u5373\u91c7\u53d6\u67d0\u79cd\u201c\u622a\u6d41\u201d\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u628a\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4e89\u7aef\u6392\u9664\u5728\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8303\u56f4\u4e4b\u5916\u3002\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u8f6c\u578b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u51fa\u73b0\u5931\u8303\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5904\u7406\u67d0\u4e00\u7c7b\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u5f53\u51fa\u73b0\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4e89\u7aef\u65f6\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u4e0d\u53d7\u7406\uff0c\u800c\u8ba9\u5176\u4ed6\u7ea0\u7eb7\u89e3\u51b3\u673a\u5236\u5904\u7406\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u89e3\u51b3\u7ea0\u7eb7\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u6709\u6210\u672c\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5305\u62ec\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\u3001\u5f8b\u5e08\u8d39\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u4eba\u529b\u3001\u7269\u529b\u3001\u8d22\u529b\u4ee5\u53ca\u7cbe\u795e\u611f\u60c5\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u652f\u51fa\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6210\u672c\u8fc7\u9ad8\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5ba1\u5224\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u548c\u6709\u6548\u7387\u7684\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ea\u80fd\u656c\u800c\u8fdc\u4e4b\uff0c\u628a\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7ea0\u7eb7\u7559\u7ed9\u8bc9\u8bbc\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7ea0\u7eb7\u5219\u901a\u8fc7\u6210\u672c\u4e0d\u592a\u9ad8\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u7ea0\u7eb7\u673a\u5236\u5904\u7406\u3002\u2465\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u51cf\u5c11\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u4e0d\u53d7\u7406\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u8d77\u8bc9\u7387\u6216\u63d0\u9ad8\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\u7b49\u53f8\u6cd5\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53f8\u6cd5\u653f\u7b56\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u5206\u6d41\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>3.\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u516c\u4fe1\u529b\u3002\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4ea7\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u3002\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u5bf9\u6cd5\u9662\u4fe1\u4efb\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u53c8\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec<\/span>(1)\u6cd5\u9662\u5ba1\u7406\u6848\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u516c\u5e73\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53f8\u6cd5\u8150\u8d25\u3001\u504f\u8892\u3001\u5730\u65b9\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u5224\u51b3\u4e0d\u516c\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u81ea\u7136\u4f1a\u7528\u811a\u6295\u7968\uff0c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u80af\u5b9a\u4f1a\u4e0b\u6ed1\u3002<\/span>(2)\u6cd5\u9662\u5224\u51b3\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u6267\u884c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6cd5\u9662\u5224\u51b3\u867d\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u516c\u6b63\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5224\u51b3\u6267\u884c\u4e0d\u4e86\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4e00\u7eb8\u7a7a\u6587\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u81ea\u7136\u4f1a\u79bb\u5f00\u6cd5\u9662\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u7ea0\u7eb7\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u3002\u2466<\/span>(3)\u4fe1\u8bbf\u548c\u79c1\u529b\u6551\u6d4e\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6cd5\u9662\u89e3\u51b3\u4e89\u7aef\u7684\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4efb\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u901a\u8fc7\u4fe1\u8bbf\u751a\u81f3\u79c1\u529b\u6551\u6d4e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u4e89\u7aef\u3002\u4fe1\u8bbf\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u53cd\u6620\u4eba\u4eec\u8bc9\u6c42\u548c\u4e0d\u6ee1\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u5b83\u5f80\u5f80\u548c\u5bf9\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\u76f8\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u6d89\u8bc9\u4fe1\u8bbf\u201d\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u6d89\u8bc9\u4fe1\u8bbf\u662f\u5bf9\u6cd5\u9662\u4fe1\u4efb\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u98ce\u5411\u6807\uff0c\u6d89\u8bc9\u4fe1\u8bbf\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5bf9\u6cd5\u9662\u4e0d\u6ee1\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u2467\u79c1\u529b\u6551\u6d4e\u5373\u901a\u8fc7\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u5904\u7406\u4e89\u7aef\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u79ef\u6781\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u79c1\u529b\u6551\u6d4e<\/span>(\u5982\u53cc\u65b9\u7684\u534f\u5546\u3001\u8c03\u89e3\u3001\u8c08\u5224<\/span>)\u800c\u662f\u6d88\u6781\u610f\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u8150\u8d25\u6216\u6267\u884c\u96be\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u901a\u8fc7\u975e\u6cd5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u751a\u81f3\u501f\u52a9\u9ed1\u793e\u4f1a\u52bf\u529b\u89e3\u51b3\u4e89\u7aef\u3002\u2468<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u4e3a\u4e86\u63ed\u793a\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u662f\u5426\u7531\u4e8e\u975e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7ea0\u7eb7\u89e3\u51b3\u673a\u5236\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u653f\u7b56\u6216\u6cd5\u9662\u516c\u4fe1\u529b\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\uff0c\u4ece\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u4e0a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5373\u6709\u5173\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\uff0c\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0e\u6709\u5173\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u548c\u6240\u5360\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u8fdb\u884c\u8003\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(1) \u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u3000\u5982\u8c03\u89e3\u7684\u5e74\u589e\u957f\u7387\uff0c\u5728\u5b83\u4e0e\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\u5982\u6c11\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u5e74\u589e\u957f\u7387\u6bd4\u8f83\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6c11\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u5e74\u589e\u957f\u7387\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u800c\u8c03\u89e3\u7684\u5e74\u589e\u957f\u7387\u5374\u589e\u9ad8\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u8bf4\u660e\u7ea0\u7eb7\u5411\u540e\u8005\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u8c03\u89e3\u548c\u6c11\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u589e\u957f\u7387\u90fd\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8c03\u89e3\u6bd4\u6c11\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u589e\u957f\u7387\u8fd8\u8981\u4f4e\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u7ea0\u7eb7\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u8c03\u89e3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(2)\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u3000\u5982\u8c03\u89e3\u548c\u6c11\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u4e3a\u8d1f\u503c\u4e14\u4e3a\u5f3a\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u8bf4\u660e\u5728\u6c11\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u964d\u4f4e\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u8c03\u89e3\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u8bf4\u660e\u7ea0\u7eb7\u5411\u540e\u8005\u7684\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1b\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u4e3a\u6b63\u503c\u4e14\u5f3a\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u5728\u6c11\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u964d\u4f4e\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u8c03\u89e3\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u540c\u6837\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u79cd\u8f6c\u79fb\u3002\u5982\u679c\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u5f88\u4f4e\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u6b63\u76f8\u5173\u8fd8\u662f\u8d1f\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u4e8c\u8005\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u5927\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(3)\u6bd4\u91cd\u3000\u5982\u8c03\u89e3\u5728\u89e3\u51b3\u6c11\u4e8b\u7ea0\u7eb7\u4e2d\u6240\u5360\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\uff0c\u5b83\u7b49\u4e8e\u8c03\u89e3\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u9664\u4ee5\u8c03\u89e3\u52a0\u6c11\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u4e4b\u548c\u3002\u8be5\u6307\u6807\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u67d0\u4e00\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u7ea0\u7eb7\u6570\u91cf\u53d8\u5316\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u8d77\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u867d\u7136\u589e\u957f\u7387\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u4e0e\u6709\u5173\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u4e5f\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u6bd4\u91cd\u5f88\u4f4e\uff0c\u5bf9\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u5fae\u4e4e\u5176\u5fae\uff1b\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u867d\u7136\u589e\u957f\u7387\u4e0d\u9ad8\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u4e5f\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6bd4\u91cd\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5fae\u5c0f\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u8bc9\u8bbc\u603b\u91cf\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u6709\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u4e0b\u6587\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u6309\u7167\u4e0a\u8ff0\u601d\u8def\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u91cf\u5206\u6790\u4f5c\u51fa\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6709\u5173\u6570\u636e\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5b9a\u6027\u5206\u6790\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5bf9\u53f8\u6cd5\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u6cd5\u9662\u516c\u4fe1\u529b\u7684\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u4e09\u3001\u975e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7ea0\u7eb7\u89e3\u51b3\u673a\u5236\u5728\u5206\u6d41\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>1.\u4eba\u6c11\u8c03\u89e3\u662f\u5426\u7f13\u89e3\u4e86\u8bc9\u8bbc\u538b\u529b<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u4e2d\u56fd\u57fa\u5c42\u7684\u6751\u6c11\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u548c\u5c45\u6c11\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u8c03\u89e3\u5728\u89e3\u51b3\u6c11\u4e8b\u7ea0\u7eb7\u4e2d\u4e00\u76f4\u8d77\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c<\/span>1981-2006\u5e74\u4eba\u6c11\u8c03\u89e3\u603b\u6570\u4e3a<\/span>16783\u4e07\u4ef6\uff0c\u2469\u800c\u540c\u671f\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u4e00\u5ba1\u6c11\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u6536\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a<\/span>8004\u4e07\u4ef6\uff0c<\/span>(11)\u53ea\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u524d\u8005\u7684\u4e00\u534a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u6c11\u8c03\u89e3\uff0c\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6c11\u4e8b\u7ea0\u7eb7\u90fd\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u6cd5\u9662\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u65e0\u7591\u5c06\u5927\u5927\u589e\u52a0\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\u4eba\u6c11\u8c03\u89e3\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u7f13\u89e3\u8bc9\u8bbc\u538b\u529b\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u770b\u5230\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u4ee5\u6765\u4eba\u6c11\u8c03\u89e3\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5728\u5f31\u5316\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u8c03\u89e3\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\u8fd8\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6cd5\u9662\u4e00\u5ba1\u6c11\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u90fd\u4e0b\u964d\u4e86\u3002\u4eba\u6c11\u8c03\u89e3\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ece<\/span>80\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u671f\u7684<\/span>800\u4e07\u4ef6\u5de6\u53f3\u4e0b\u964d\u5230<\/span>2004\u5e74\u7684<\/span>441\u4e07\u4ef6\uff1b\u4eba\u6c11\u8c03\u89e3\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u4ece\u7ea6\u5360<\/span>90\uff05\u4e0b\u964d\u5230\u53ea\u5360<\/span> 50\uff05\u3002<\/span>(12)\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4eba\u6c11\u8c03\u89e3\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u7f13\u89e3\u8bc9\u8bbc\u538b\u529b\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f5c\u7528\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5c0f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u4ece\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u770b\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u8c03\u89e3\u548c\u6cd5\u9662\u6c11\u4e8b\u4e00\u5ba1\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u4e3a<\/span>-0.84\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u5f53\u4eba\u6c11\u8c03\u89e3\u6570\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\u65f6\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u6c11\u4e8b\u5ba1\u5224\u6570\u91cf\u5448\u4e0a\u5347\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f3a\u8d1f\u76f8\u5173\u4e3b\u8981\u8868\u73b0\u5728<\/span>1981-1996\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u4e3a<\/span> -0.64\uff0c\u800c\u5728<\/span>1997\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u4e3a<\/span>0.87\uff0c\u5f3a\u6b63\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u6b64\u9636\u6bb5\u6c11\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u6c11\u95f4\u8c03\u89e3\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u8c03\u89e3\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d77\u5230\u5206\u6d41\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\uff08\u89c1\u8868<\/span>2\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u8868<\/span>2 \u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5\u6c11\u4e8b\u7ea0\u7eb7\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u8c03\u89e3\u4e0e\u6c11\u4e8b\u4e00\u5ba1\u7684\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u3001\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u548c\u6bd4\u91cd<\/span>(1981-2006)<\/p>\n

\n

\u4eba\u6c11\u8c03\u89e3\u589e\u957f\u7387<\/span>(\uff05<\/span>) \u6c11\u4e8b\u4e00\u5ba1\u589e\u957f\u7387<\/span>(\uff05<\/span>) \u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570 <\/span> <\/span>\u4eba\u6c11\u8c03\u89e3\u6bd4\u91cd<\/span>(\uff05<\/span>)<\/p>\n

1981-1996 <\/span> -1.6 <\/span> 14 <\/span>-0.64 <\/span> 76.9<\/p>\n

1997-2006 <\/span> -2.2 <\/span> -0.45 <\/span>0.87 <\/span> 51.4<\/p>\n

1981-2006 <\/span> -1.8 <\/span>8.2 <\/span>-0.84 <\/span> 67.2<\/p>\n

\n

\n

<\/span>\u8d44\u6599\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5e74\u9274\u300b<\/span>1987-2007\u5e74\u5404\u5377\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u8c03\u89e3\u548c\u6c11\u4e8b\u4e00\u5ba1\u6536\u6848\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u57fa\u5c42\u6cd5\u5f8b\u670d\u52a1\u5728\u8c03\u89e3\u6c11\u95f4\u7ea0\u7eb7\u4e2d\u4e5f\u8d77\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u57fa\u5c42\u6cd5\u5f8b\u670d\u52a1<\/span>1988-2003\u5e74\u5171\u8c03\u89e3\u7ea0\u7eb7<\/span>1820.29\u4e07\u4ef6\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u540c\u671f\u4eba\u6c11\u8c03\u89e3\u6570\u91cf\u7684<\/span>19\uff05\u3002\u57fa\u5c42\u6cd5\u5f8b\u670d\u52a1\u8c03\u89e3\u7ea0\u7eb7\u4e0e\u6cd5\u9662\u4e00\u5ba1\u6c11\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u4e3a<\/span>-0.62\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f53\u57fa\u5c42\u6cd5\u5f8b\u670d\u52a1\u8c03\u89e3\u6570\u91cf\u7531\u5c0f\u53d8\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u4e00\u5ba1\u6c11\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u6570\u91cf\u7531\u5927\u53d8\u5c0f\uff0c\u57fa\u5c42\u6cd5\u5f8b\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u8c03\u89e3\u529f\u80fd\u5206\u6d41\u4e86\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7ea0\u7eb7\u4e0d\u5230\u6cd5\u9662\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u8d1f\u76f8\u5173\u4e3b\u8981\u8868\u73b0\u5728<\/span>1996\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c<\/span>1997\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u4e3a<\/span>0.67\uff0c\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48<\/span> 1997\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u8bc9\u8bbc\u589e\u957f\u7387\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/span>(13)<\/p>\n

<\/span>\u5f8b\u5e08\u7684\u8c03\u89e3\u5728\u4f7f\u7ea0\u7eb7\u4e0d\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u8bc9\u8bbc\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u8d77\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5f53\u4ee3\u5f8b\u5e08\u4e1a\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u804c\u80fd\u6b63\u5728\u4ece\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8f6c\u5411\u975e\u8bbc\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u5f8b\u5e08\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6807\u5fd7\u5e76\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u6253\u8d62\u4e00\u573a\u5b98\u53f8\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u5c3d\u4e00\u5207\u529b\u91cf\u907f\u514d\u8bc9\u8bbc\u3002\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u4ee5\u6765\u5f8b\u5e08\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e0e\u975e\u8bbc\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c<\/span>1981\u5e74\u5f8b\u5e08\u4e1a\u521a\u521a\u6062\u590d\u65f6\uff0c\u975e\u8bbc\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u4ec5\u4e3a<\/span>5.8\uff05\uff0c\u800c<\/span>2006\u5e74\u8fd9\u4e00\u6bd4\u91cd\u4e3a<\/span>33.7\uff05\u3002<\/span>1981-1997\u5e74\u5f8b\u5e08\u975e\u8bbc\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u4e3a<\/span> 33.4\uff05\uff0c\u800c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u4e3a<\/span>16.6\uff05\u3002<\/span>(14)\u5f8b\u5e08\u975e\u8bbc\u4e1a\u52a1\u6bd4\u91cd\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u80fd\u591f\u8d77\u5230\u6291\u5236\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5f8b\u5e08\u4ece\u4e8b\u975e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8c03\u89e3\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd8\u5904\u4e8e\u521d\u521b\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8fd8\u6709\u5f85\u6478\u7d22\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>2.\u4ef2\u88c1\u662f\u5426\u5bf9\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u8d77\u5230\u5206\u6d41\u4f5c\u7528<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u4ef2\u88c1\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u540c\u4ef2\u88c1\u3001\u52b3\u52a8\u4ef2\u88c1\u548c\u6d89\u5916\u4ef2\u88c1\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6d89\u5916\u4ef2\u88c1\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u8bc9\u8bbc\u66f2\u7ebf\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u8d70\u5411\uff0c\u800c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u540c\u4ef2\u88c1\u4e3b\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u662f\u6cd5\u9662\u5bf9\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u540c\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u4ef2\u88c1\u6240\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u662f\u52b3\u52a8\u7ea0\u7eb7\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e24\u7ec4\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u540c\u4ef2\u88c1\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4ece<\/span>1983-1994\u5e74\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u884c\u653f\u4ef2\u88c1\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u540c\u4ef2\u88c1\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a<\/span>206\u4e07\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u6cd5\u9662\u53d7\u7406\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u540c\u6848\u4ef6\u603b\u91cf\u4e3a<\/span> 549\u4e07\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ef2\u88c1\u6240\u5360\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u4e3a<\/span>27.3\uff05\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4ef2\u88c1\u663e\u7136\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u5206\u6d41\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ef2\u88c1\u6848\u4ef6\u90fd\u62ff\u5230\u6cd5\u9662\u5ba1\u7406\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\u91cf\u4f1a\u5927\u5927\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u800c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6c11\u95f4\u4ef2\u88c1\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u540c\u4ef2\u88c1\u7684\u603b\u6570\u867d\u7136\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0e\u884c\u653f\u4ef2\u88c1\u9636\u6bb5\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u603b\u91cf\u592a\u5c11\uff0c\u4ece<\/span>1997-2006\u5e74<\/span>10\u5e74\u95f4\u6c11\u95f4\u4ef2\u88c1\u603b\u91cf\u4e3a<\/span>23\u4e07\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u540c\u671f\u6cd5\u9662\u5408\u540c\u6848\u4ef6\u6536\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a<\/span>2427\u4e07\u4ef6\uff0c<\/span>(15)\u4ef2\u88c1\u6240\u5360\u6bd4\u91cd\u4e0d\u8db3<\/span>1\uff05\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4ef2\u88c1\u663e\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u8d77\u5230\u5206\u6d41\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/span>(\u8868<\/span>3)\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u8868<\/span>3 \u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u540c\u4ef2\u88c1\u4e0e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u3001\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u548c\u6bd4\u91cd<\/span>(1983-1994\uff0c<\/span>1997-2006)<\/p>\n

\n

\u4ef2\u88c1\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387<\/span>(\uff05<\/span>) <\/span> <\/span>\u8bc9\u8bbc\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387<\/span>(\uff05<\/span>) \u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u3000\u3000\u4ef2\u88c1\u6bd4\u91cd<\/span>(\uff05<\/span>)<\/p>\n

1983-1994 <\/span>59 <\/span> 43 <\/span> 0.53 <\/span> 27.3<\/p>\n

1997-2006 <\/span>38 <\/span>-1.7 <\/span> -0.74 <\/span> 1<\/p>\n

\n

\n

<\/span>\u8d44\u6599\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u5546\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u5e74\u9274\u300b<\/span>(\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u5546\u51fa\u7248\u793e<\/span>)1992-1997\u5e74\u5404\u5377\uff1b\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5e74\u9274\u300b<\/span>1987-2007\u5e74\u5404\u5377\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u540c\u4ef2\u88c1\u548c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u4ef2\u88c1\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u540c\u4ef2\u88c1\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u884c\u653f\u4ef2\u88c1\u3002\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u540c\u4ef2\u88c1\u7684\u840e\u7f29\u76f8\u5bf9\u7167\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u4ef2\u88c1\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\u5f88\u5feb\u3002\u636e\u52b3\u52a8\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u969c\u90e8\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u4ece<\/span>1987\u5e74\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u5904\u7406\u5236\u5ea6\u6062\u590d\u5230<\/span>2004\u5e74\uff0c\u5404\u7ea7\u52b3\u52a8\u4ef2\u88c1\u673a\u6784\u5171\u7acb\u6848\u53d7\u7406\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u6848\u4ef6<\/span>1408720\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u540c\u671f\u6cd5\u9662\u53d7\u7406\u52b3\u52a8\u7ea0\u7eb7\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a<\/span>907509\u4ef6\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u4ef2\u88c1\u6240\u5360\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u4e3a<\/span>60.8\uff05\uff0c\u800c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6240\u5360\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u4e3a<\/span>39.2\uff05\u3002<\/span>(16)\u8003\u8651\u5230\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u90fd\u628a\u52b3\u52a8\u4ef2\u88c1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u524d\u7f6e\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4ef2\u88c1\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u548c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u51cf\u5c11\u8bf4\u660e\u52b3\u52a8\u4ef2\u88c1\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4f7f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u6848\u4ef6\u5728\u8fdb\u5165\u6cd5\u9662\u4ee5\u524d\u5c31\u901a\u8fc7\u4ef2\u88c1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5c31\u52b3\u52a8\u7ea0\u7eb7\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4ef2\u88c1\u786e\u5b9e\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u5206\u6d41\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u51cf\u7f13\u4e86\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u8bc9\u7d2f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u4ece\u589e\u957f\u7387\u5206\u6790\uff0c<\/span>1987-2004\u5e74\u52b3\u52a8\u7ea0\u7eb7\u7684\u4ef2\u88c1\u7684\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u4e3a<\/span>27.8\uff05\uff0c\u800c\u52b3\u52a8\u7ea0\u7eb7\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u4e3a<\/span>18.7\uff05\uff0c\u4f4e\u4e8e\u524d\u8005<\/span>10\u4e2a\u767e\u5206\u70b9\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u5dee\u522b\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7531\u4e8e<\/span>1987-1996\u5e74\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u5dee\u522b\u9020\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u6b64\u9636\u6bb5\u52b3\u52a8\u4ef2\u88c1\u7684\u589e\u957f\u7387\u4e3a<\/span>31.1\uff05\uff0c\u800c\u52b3\u52a8\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u589e\u957f\u7387\u4e3a<\/span>8.1\uff05\uff1b\u5728<\/span>1997\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u4ef2\u88c1\u4e0e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u5e74\u589e\u957f\u7387\u7684\u5dee\u522b\u7f29\u5c0f\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u4e3a<\/span>24\uff05\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u4e3a<\/span>22.5\uff05<\/span>(\u8868<\/span>4)\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u957f\u7387\u5728<\/span>1997\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u968f\u7740\u8bc9\u8bbc\u603b\u91cf\u589e\u957f\u7387\u7684\u964d\u4f4e\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u53cd\u5012\u5347\u9ad8\u4e86\u3002\u56e0\u6b64<\/span>1997\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\u52b3\u52a8\u4ef2\u88c1\u4e0e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e8c\u8005\u90fd\u589e\u9ad8\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u52b3\u52a8\u4ef2\u88c1\u662f\u52b3\u52a8\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u524d\u7f6e\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u52b3\u52a8\u4ef2\u88c1\u7684\u5206\u6d41\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u6bcb\u5eb8\u7f6e\u7591\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u8868<\/span>4 \u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5\u52b3\u52a8\u7ea0\u7eb7\u7684\u4ef2\u88c1\u548c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u3001\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u548c\u6bd4\u91cd<\/span>(1987-2004)<\/p>\n

\n

\u4ef2\u88c1\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387<\/span>(\uff05<\/span>) <\/span> <\/span>\u8bc9\u8bbc\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387<\/span>(\uff05<\/span>) \u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u3000\u52b3\u52a8\u4ef2\u88c1\u6bd4\u91cd<\/span>(\uff05<\/span>)<\/p>\n

1987-1996 <\/span> 31.1 <\/span>8.1 <\/span>0.95 <\/span> 40.8<\/p>\n

1997-2004 <\/span>24 <\/span>22.5 <\/span>0.97 <\/span> 60.8<\/p>\n

1987-2004 <\/span> 27.8 <\/span> 18.7 <\/span>0.89 <\/span> 63.3<\/p>\n

\n

\n

<\/span>\u8d44\u6599\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<\/span>1987-1998\u5e74\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u7ea0\u7eb7\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6536\u6848\u8d44\u6599\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u6700\u9ad8\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u53f8\u6cd5\u7edf\u8ba1\u5386\u53f2\u8d44\u6599\u6c47\u7f16<\/span>1949-1998\u300b<\/span>(\u6c11\u4e8b\u90e8\u5206<\/span>)(\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u6700\u9ad8\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c<\/span>2000\u5e74<\/span>)\uff0c<\/span>1999\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u7ea0\u7eb7\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6536\u6848\u8d44\u6599\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5e74\u9274\u300b<\/span>2000-2005\u5e74\u5404\u5377\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8d44\u6599\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>3.\u7fa4\u4f17\u6027\u81ea\u6cbb\u7ec4\u7ec7\u2014\u2014\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u534f\u4f1a\u662f\u5426\u7f13\u89e3\u4e86\u8bc9\u8bbc\u538b\u529b<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u65e0\u8bba\u901a\u8fc7\u6cd5\u9662\u3001\u5de5\u5546\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u6784\u8fd8\u662f\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u534f\u4f1a\uff0c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6295\u8bc9\u5728\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u7684\u6c11\u4e8b\u7ea0\u7eb7\u4e2d\u90fd\u5360\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002\u636e\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u534f\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6570\u5b57\uff0c<\/span>1999-2005\u5e74\u5171\u53d7\u7406\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6295\u8bc9<\/span>496\u4e07\u4ef6\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3<\/span>474\u4e07\u4ef6\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u6bd4\u7387\u4e3a<\/span>96\uff05\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u8d77\u8bc9<\/span>73996\u4ef6\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u8d77\u8bc9\u7387\u4e3a<\/span>1.5\uff05\u3002<\/span>(17)\u65e0\u7591\uff0c\u5728\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6743\u76ca\u4fdd\u62a4\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u534f\u4f1a\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u7684\u5206\u6d41\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6848\u4ef6\u96c6\u4e2d\u5230\u6cd5\u9662\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8bc9\u8bbc\u89e3\u51b3\u540e\u679c\u5c06\u4e0d\u582a\u8bbe\u60f3\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u624b\u5934\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6cd5\u9662\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u53d7\u7406\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6743\u76ca\u4fdd\u62a4\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u671f\u95f4\u6cd5\u9662\u6240\u53d7\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u5ba1\u6c11\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6743\u5c5e\u3001\u4fb5\u6743\u7ea0\u7eb7\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u603b\u6570\u4e3a<\/span>312\u4e07\u4ef6\uff0c<\/span>(18)\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u662f\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6743\u76ca\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u89c1\u6d88\u534f\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6743\u76ca\u4fdd\u62a4\u7ea0\u7eb7\u65b9\u9762\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5206\u6d41\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>4.\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u2014\u2014\u5de5\u5546\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u6cbb\u5b89\u7ba1\u7406\u662f\u5426\u7f13\u89e3\u4e86\u8bc9\u8bbc\u538b\u529b<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u5176\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u4f53\u4e0d\u662f\u53f8\u6cd5\u673a\u5173\u800c\u662f\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u5173\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u8fdc\u6bd4\u53f8\u6cd5\u5927\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ea\u9009\u62e9\u5de5\u5546\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u6cbb\u5b89\u7ba1\u7406\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0e\u53f8\u6cd5\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(1) \u5de5\u5546\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u4ece<\/span>1997-2002\u5e74\uff0c\u5de5\u5546\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u6784\u884c\u653f\u7ea0\u7eb7\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u603b\u6570\u662f<\/span>954\u4e07\u4ef6\u3002<\/span>(19)\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u6240\u53d7\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u5ba1\u6c11\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5408\u540c\u6848\u4ef6\u6570\u91cf\u7531<\/span>1997\u5e74\u7684<\/span>264\u4e07\u4ef6\u964d\u4f4e\u5230<\/span>2002\u5e74\u7684<\/span>226\u4e07\u4ef6\uff0c\u4fb5\u6743\u4e0e\u6743\u5c5e\u6848\u4ef6\u7531<\/span>48.9\u4e07\u4ef6\u4e0a\u5347\u5230<\/span>60.7\u4e07\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e24\u9879\u5408\u8ba1\u4ece<\/span>312.9\u4e07\u4ef6\u964d\u4f4e\u5230<\/span>286.7 \u4e07\u4ef6\u3002<\/span>(20)\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u6240\u53d7\u7406\u7684\u5211\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7834\u574f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7f6a\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u4ece<\/span>7367\u4ef6\u4e0a\u5347\u5230<\/span>15252\u4ef6\u3002\u4f46\u5176\u6570\u91cf\u592a\u5c11\uff0c\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u5bf9<\/span>1997\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u589e\u957f\u7387\u7684\u964d\u4f4e\u6784\u6210\u5b9e\u8d28\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span>(21)<\/p>\n

<\/span>\u4ece\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u770b\uff0c\u5de5\u5546\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u884c\u653f\u6267\u6cd5\u6848\u4ef6\u4e0e\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u53d7\u7406\u7684\u5408\u540c\u6848\u4ef6\u548c\u4fb5\u6743\u4e0e\u6743\u5c5e\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u4e3a<\/span> -0.71(\u8868<\/span>5)\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u5f53\u6cd5\u9662\u53d7\u7406\u7684\u5408\u540c\u3001\u4fb5\u6743\u548c\u6743\u5c5e\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u53d8\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u5de5\u5546\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u90e8\u95e8\u6240\u53d7\u7406\u7684\u884c\u653f\u6267\u6cd5\u6848\u4ef6\u6570\u91cf\u589e\u5927\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u4ece\u6743\u91cd\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5408\u540c\u6848\u4ef6\u5360\u6c11\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u603b\u91cf\u7684<\/span>53.65\uff05\uff0c\u4fb5\u6743\u548c\u6743\u5c5e\u6848\u4ef6\u5360<\/span>12.72\uff05\uff0c<\/span>(22)\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c<\/span>1997-2002\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u53d7\u7406\u6848\u4ef6\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u51cf\u5c11\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5de5\u5546\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u90e8\u95e8\u53d7\u7406\u540c\u7c7b\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u591a\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u8868<\/span>5 \u5de5\u5546\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u6848\u4ef6\u4e0e\u5408\u540c\u3001\u4fb5\u6743\u3001\u6743\u5c5e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u3001\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u548c\u6bd4\u91cd<\/span>(1997-2002)<\/p>\n

\n

<\/span> <\/span>\u5de5\u5546\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u589e\u957f\u7387<\/span>(\uff05<\/span>) \u8bc9\u8bbc\u589e\u957f\u7387<\/span>(\uff05<\/span>) \u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u3000\u3000\u3000\u6bd4\u91cd<\/span>(\uff05<\/span>)<\/p>\n

1997-2002 <\/span> 33 <\/span>-1.50 <\/span> -0.71 <\/span> 32<\/p>\n

\n

\n

<\/span>\u8d44\u6599\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u300a\u5de5\u5546\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u7edf\u8ba1\u6c47\u7f16\u300b<\/span>1997-2002\u5e74\u5404\u5377\u548c\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5e74\u9274\u300b<\/span>1998-2003\u5e74\u5404\u5377\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(2) \u6cbb\u5b89\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u4ece\u6cbb\u5b89\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u770b\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u300a\u6cbb\u5b89\u7ba1\u7406\u5904\u7f5a\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6761\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a\u6270\u4e71\u516c\u5171\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u59a8\u5bb3\u516c\u5171\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u4fb5\u72af\u4eba\u8eab\u6743\u5229\u3001\u8d22\u4ea7\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u59a8\u5bb3\u793e\u4f1a\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u5371\u5bb3\u6027\uff0c\u4f9d\u7167\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5211\u6cd5\u300b\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u6784\u6210\u72af\u7f6a\u7684\uff0c\u4f9d\u6cd5\u8ffd\u7a76\u5211\u4e8b\u8d23\u4efb\uff1b\u5c1a\u4e0d\u591f\u5211\u4e8b\u5904\u7f5a\u7684\uff0c\u7531\u516c\u5b89\u673a\u5173\u4f9d\u7167\u672c\u6cd5\u7ed9\u4e88\u6cbb\u5b89\u7ba1\u7406\u5904\u7f5a\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6cbb\u5b89\u6848\u4ef6\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u6b27\u6d32\u7b49\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u8bb8\u591a\u90fd\u7b97\u4f5c\u72af\u7f6a\uff0c\u60c5\u8282\u8f7b\u5fae\u8005\u4e5f\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u8f7b\u7f6a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5374\u6309\u7167\u6cbb\u5b89\u6848\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6cbb\u5b89\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u975e\u7f6a\u5316\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u6837\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u6cbb\u5b89\u6848\u4ef6\u8fdb\u5165\u5211\u4e8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5341\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5211\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7ffb\u756a\uff0c\u5bf9\u5211\u4e8b\u5ba1\u5224\u5c06\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u6781\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span>(23)<\/p>\n

<\/span>\u4ece\u6cbb\u5b89\u6848\u4ef6\u4e0e\u5211\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6240\u5360\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u770b\uff0c\u6cbb\u5b89\u6848\u4ef6\u6240\u5360\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u6709\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5927\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c<\/span>1986-1996\u5e74\u6cbb\u5b89\u6848\u4ef6\u6240\u5360\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u4e3a<\/span>84\uff05\uff0c<\/span>1997-2006\u5e74\u4e3a<\/span>89.5\uff05<\/span>(\u8868<\/span>6)\u3002\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u6cbb\u5b89\u7ba1\u7406\u201c\u975e\u7f6a\u5316\u201d\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\u5728\u8fdb\u5165\u5211\u4e8b\u5ba1\u5224\u7a0b\u5e8f\u524d\u5c31\u901a\u8fc7\u6cbb\u5b89\u7ba1\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5927\u5927\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u5211\u4e8b\u5ba1\u5224\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/span>1997\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d1\u5c55\u8d8b\u52bf\u7f13\u89e3\u4e86\u5211\u4e8b\u5ba1\u5224\u7684\u538b\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6cbb\u5b89\u6848\u4ef6\u4e0d\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5211\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u5904\u7406\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u52a9\u957f\u516c\u5b89\u673a\u5173\u5728\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6848\u4ef6\u65f6\u7684\u6063\u610f\uff0c\u4f7f\u53d7\u5230\u6cbb\u5b89\u7ba1\u7406\u5904\u7f5a\u7684\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u5f97\u6b63\u5f53\u5ba1\u5224\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u5211\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6cd5\u6539\u9769\u3001\u6cbb\u5b89\u7ba1\u7406\u5904\u7f5a\u6539\u9769\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u91cd\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/span>2005\u5e74\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u300a\u6cbb\u5b89\u7ba1\u7406\u5904\u7f5a\u6cd5\u300b\u5df2\u7ecf\u628a\u201c\u5b9e\u65bd\u6cbb\u5b89\u7ba1\u7406\u5904\u7f5a\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u516c\u5f00\u3001\u516c\u6b63\uff0c\u5c0a\u91cd\u548c\u4fdd\u969c\u4eba\u6743\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u5c0a\u4e25\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\u5199\u5165\u5230\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u8868<\/span>6 \u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5\u516c\u5b89\u673a\u5173\u6cbb\u5b89\u6848\u4ef6\u4e0e\u6cd5\u9662\u4e00\u5ba1\u5211\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u3001\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u548c\u6bd4\u91cd<\/span>(1986-2006)<\/p>\n

\n

\u6cbb\u5b89\u6848\u4ef6\u589e\u957f\u7387<\/span>(\uff05<\/span>) <\/span> <\/span>\u5211\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u589e\u957f\u7387<\/span>(\uff05<\/span>) <\/span> <\/span>\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u3000\u3000\u3000\u6cbb\u5b89\u6848\u4ef6\u6bd4\u91cd<\/span>(\uff05<\/span>)<\/p>\n

1986-2006 <\/span> 10.35 <\/span> 5.1 <\/span> 0.925218 <\/span>86.7<\/p>\n

1986-1996 <\/span> 12.1 <\/span>8.17 <\/span>0.805777 <\/span> 84<\/p>\n

1997-2006 <\/span>8.56 <\/span> 2.1 <\/span> 0.957237 <\/span>89.5<\/p>\n

\n

\n

<\/span>\u6ce8\uff1a\u6cbb\u5b89\u6848\u4ef6\u6bd4\u91cd\uff1d\u6cbb\u5b89\u6848\u4ef6\u6570\u91cf<\/span>\/(\u6cbb\u5b89\u6848\u4ef6\u6570\u91cf\uff0b\u5211\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf<\/span>)<\/p>\n

<\/span>\u8d44\u6599\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5e74\u9274\u300b<\/span>1987-2007\u5e74\u5404\u5377\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6cbb\u5b89\u6848\u4ef6\u548c\u4e00\u5ba1\u5211\u4e8b\u6536\u6848\u6570\u5b57\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u56db\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>1.\u4e0d\u53d7\u7406\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u653f\u7b56<\/span>(24)<\/p>\n

<\/span>\u6cd5\u9662\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u51cf\u5c11\u66f4\u76f4\u63a5\u548c\u201c\u4e0d\u53d7\u7406\u201d\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u653f\u7b56\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u5373\u6cd5\u9662\u7531\u4e8e\u67d0\u79cd\u539f\u56e0\u89c4\u5b9a\u5bf9\u67d0\u7c7b\u6848\u4ef6\u4e0d\u4e88\u53d7\u7406\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u628a\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6848\u4ef6\u63a8\u5230\u6cd5\u9662\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4f7f\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u7b2c\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u6cd5\u5f8b\u660e\u786e\u89c4\u5b9a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53d7\u7406\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u4e8b\u9879\u3002\u5982\u300a\u884c\u653f\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c\u5341\u4e8c\u6761\u89c4\u5b9a\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u4e0d\u53d7\u7406\u516c\u6c11\u3001\u6cd5\u4eba\u6216\u8005\u5176\u4ed6\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5bf9\u4e0b\u5217\u4e8b\u9879\u63d0\u8d77\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\uff1a<\/span>(\u4e00<\/span>)\u56fd\u9632\u3001\u5916\u4ea4\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\u884c\u4e3a\uff1b<\/span>(\u4e8c<\/span>)\u884c\u653f\u6cd5\u89c4\u3001\u89c4\u7ae0\u6216\u8005\u884c\u653f\u673a\u5173\u5236\u5b9a\u3001\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u5177\u6709\u666e\u904d\u7ea6\u675f\u529b\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b<\/span>(\u4e09<\/span>)\u884c\u653f\u673a\u5173\u5bf9\u884c\u653f\u673a\u5173\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u5956\u60e9\u3001\u4efb\u514d\u7b49\u51b3\u5b9a\uff1b<\/span>(\u56db<\/span>)\u6cd5\u5f8b\u89c4\u5b9a\u7531\u884c\u653f\u673a\u5173\u6700\u7ec8\u88c1\u51b3\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u884c\u653f\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7c7b\u662f\u6cd5\u5f8b\u76f4\u63a5\u89c4\u5b9a\u628a\u8c03\u89e3\u3001\u4ef2\u88c1\u3001\u884c\u653f\u7b49\u89e3\u51b3\u7ea0\u7eb7\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6cd5\u9662\u53d7\u7406\u67d0\u7c7b\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u524d\u7f6e\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u51cf\u8f7b\u4e86\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\u538b\u529b\u3002\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u8c03\u89e3\u4ef2\u88c1\u6cd5\u3001\u5408\u540c\u6cd5\u3001\u5546\u6807\u6cd5\u7b49\u90fd\u6709\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6cd5\u89c4\u89c4\u5b9a\u987b\u5148\u884c\u88c1\u51b3\u7684\u623f\u5730\u4ea7\u7ea0\u7eb7\uff0c\u672a\u7ecf\u6709\u5173\u884c\u653f\u673a\u5173\u5148\u884c\u88c1\u51b3\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u4ea6\u4e0d\u4e88\u53d7\u7406\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u7b2c\u4e09\u7c7b\u662f\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6d89\u53ca\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u65b0\u65e7\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u4ea4\u66ff\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5982\u56fd\u4f01\u6539\u9769\u3001\u5206\u914d\u5236\u5ea6\u6539\u9769\u3001\u80a1\u4efd\u5236\u6539\u9769\u3001\u8bc1\u5238\u5e02\u573a\u6539\u9769\u3001\u4f4f\u623f\u5236\u5ea6\u6539\u9769\u3001\u533b\u7597\u536b\u751f\u5236\u5ea6\u6539\u9769\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u5236\u5ea6\u6539\u9769\u7b49\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6539\u9769\u90fd\u6d89\u53ca\u5343\u5bb6\u4e07\u6237\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u9636\u5c42\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u662f\u65e7\u4f53\u5236\u4e0b\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u5219\u662f\u4f53\u5236\u8f6c\u8f68\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5171\u540c\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u5177\u6709\u666e\u904d\u6027\u3001\u5168\u5c40\u6027\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u9762\u5e7f\uff0c\u654f\u611f\u6027\u5f3a\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u7275\u4e00\u53d1\u800c\u52a8\u5168\u8eab\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u95ee\u9898\u65b0\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u6ca1\u6709\u843d\u5b9e\uff0c\u65e7\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u5df2\u4e0d\u518d\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4e2d\u592e\u6709\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u89c4\u5212\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u9a6c\u4e0a\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7ea0\u7eb7\u5f80\u5f80\u6709\u4e00\u822c\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4f46\u7f3a\u4e4f\u660e\u786e\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e5f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6709\u5173\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6cd5\u9662\u5ba1\u5224\u65e0\u6cd5\u53ef\u4f9d\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\u5b9e\u8df5\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u6848\u4ef6\u53d7\u7406\u540e\u56e0\u79cd\u79cd\u539f\u56e0\u957f\u671f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5ba1\u7ed3\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u5bf9\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u4e00\u822c\u91c7\u53d6\u4e0d\u53d7\u7406\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u7559\u7ed9\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u6216\u4f01\u4e1a\u3001\u4e8b\u4e1a\u5355\u4f4d\u81ea\u884c\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/span>(25)<\/p>\n

<\/span>\u6211\u4eec\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6cd5\u9662\u4e0d\u53d7\u7406\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7ea0\u7eb7\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u662f\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u4ee5\u6765\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u548c\u79ef\u7d2f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u6050\u6015\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6bd4\u6cd5\u9662\u53d7\u7406\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\u6570\u91cf\u5c11\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5f53\u53ef\u89c2\u7684\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4ece\u4fe1\u8bbf\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u95ee\u9898\u4ee5\u53ca\u65b0\u95fb\u5a92\u4f53\u6709\u5173\u62a5\u9053\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u7c7b\u65b0\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u75c7\u7ed3\u70b9\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6cd5\u9662\u4e0d\u53d7\u7406\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u7ea0\u7eb7\u5e76\u4e0d\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5230\u54ea\u91cc\u53bb\u4e86\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7ea0\u7eb7\u6cd5\u9662\u4e0d\u5b9c\u53d7\u7406\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u7531\u6709\u5173\u7684\u884c\u653f\u90e8\u95e8\u3001\u5355\u4f4d\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u65f6\u6070\u6070\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u4e00\u65b9\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u59cb\u4f5c\u4fd1\u8005\uff0c\u8ba9\u5b83\u4eec\u5904\u7406\u5bf9\u5229\u76ca\u53d7\u4fb5\u5bb3\u65b9\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u7684\uff1b\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77db\u76fe\u63a8\u5230\u8c03\u89e3\u3001\u4ef2\u88c1\u8fd9\u7c7b\u975e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7ea0\u7eb7\u89e3\u51b3\u673a\u5236\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u826f\u597d\u7684\u613f\u671b\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u90fd\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u4e86\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u6743\u7684\u673a\u6784\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u672a\u514d\u592a\u5929\u771f\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u628a\u77db\u76fe\u63a8\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u6301\u7eed\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u4fe1\u8bbf\u9ad8\u6f6e\u548c\u79c1\u529b\u6551\u6d4e\u5c31\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e3a\u5947\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>2.\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u6b63\u5982\u7269\u4ef7\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u8c03\u6574\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u4e00\u6837\uff1b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53f8\u6cd5\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\u7684\u8c03\u6574\u4e5f\u53ef\u8c03\u6574\u8bc9\u8bbc\u91cf\uff0c\u5373\u8c03\u6574\u5bf9\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u53c8\u6709\u7740\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6d89\u53ca\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6d88\u8d39\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6d89\u53ca\u6cd5\u9662\u5bf9\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\u7684\u652f\u914d\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u529e\u6848\u7ecf\u8d39\u4e43\u81f3\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u5728\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u6216\u95f4\u63a5\u5730\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u4e1a\u7ee9\u2014\u2014\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u6cd5\u9662\u5bf9\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\u7684\u5f81\u6536\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u81ea\u6536\u81ea\u652f\u5230\u6536\u652f\u4e24\u6761\u7ebf\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u521d\u671f\u5168\u56fd\u6ca1\u6709\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\u5f81\u6536\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u7531\u5404\u7701\u6cd5\u9662\u81ea\u884c\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002\u6b63\u50cf\u5f53\u65f6\u673a\u5173\u4e8b\u4e1a\u5355\u4f4d\u901a\u8fc7\u5404\u79cd\u884c\u653f\u6027\u6536\u8d39\u6765\u5f25\u8865\u8d22\u653f\u9884\u7b97\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\u6210\u4e86\u5f25\u8865\u6cd5\u9662\u7ecf\u8d39\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u653f\u7b56\u4e0b\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u4e3a\u4e86\u201c\u521b\u6536\u201d\uff0c\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u8ba9\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u8d1f\u62c5\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ecf\u8d39\u4e43\u81f3\u751f\u6d3b\u6539\u5584\u7684\u8d39\u7528\uff0c\u5728\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u9a71\u4f7f\u4e0b\u6269\u5145\u6848\u6e90\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5730\u533a\u751a\u81f3\u8fde\u7ba1\u8f96\u6743\u90fd\u4e0d\u987e\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u653f\u7b56\u4ece\u4f53\u5236\u4e0a\u52a9\u957f\u4e86\u8bc9\u8bbc\u91cf\u7684\u8fc5\u901f\u589e\u957f\u3002<\/span>1993\u5e74\u968f\u7740\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b8f\u89c2\u8c03\u63a7\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u52a0\u5f3a\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u6539\u53d8\u81ea\u6536\u81ea\u652f\u653f\u7b56\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5f0a\u7aef\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u63a8\u884c\u201c\u6536\u652f\u4e24\u6761\u7ebf\u201d\u7684\u65b0\u653f\u7b56\u3002<\/span>1998\u5e74\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u529e\u516c\u5385\u548c\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u529e\u516c\u5385\u8054\u5408\u53d1\u5e03\u7b2c<\/span>14\u53f7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u5bf9\u6536\u8d39\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u516c\u5b89\u3001\u68c0\u5bdf\u3001\u6cd5\u9662\u548c\u5de5\u5546\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b9e\u884c\u6536\u652f\u4e24\u6761\u7ebf\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u56db\u90e8\u95e8\u6536\u8d39\u5168\u90e8\u4e0a\u7f34\u8d22\u653f\uff0c\u8d22\u653f\u8db3\u989d\u62e8\u6b3e\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5b83\u4eec\u201c\u5403\u7687\u7cae<\/span> <\/span>\u201d\u3002\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6536\u8d39\u5168\u90e8\u6216\u90e8\u5206\u8fd4\u8fd8\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u6536\u7684\u591a\uff0c\u8fd4\u8fd8\u7684\u591a\uff1b\u6536\u7684\u5c11\uff0c\u8fd4\u8fd8\u4e5f\u5c11\u3002<\/span>2001\u5e74\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u529e\u516c\u5385\u8f6c\u53d1\u8d22\u653f\u90e8\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u6df1\u5316\u6536\u652f\u4e24\u6761\u7ebf\u6539\u9769\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u52a0\u5f3a\u8d22\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u610f\u89c1\u300b\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u516c\u5b89\u90e8\u3001\u6700\u9ad8\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u3001\u6d77\u5173\u603b\u7f72<\/span>(\u542b\u5404\u5730\u5206\u652f\u673a\u6784<\/span>)\u3001\u5de5\u5546\u603b\u5c40\u3001\u73af\u4fdd\u603b\u5c40\u6309\u89c4\u5b9a\u6536\u53d6\u7684\u5404\u9879\u6536\u8d39\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u592e\u8d22\u653f\u6536\u5165\uff1b\u5176\u652f\u51fa\u7531\u8d22\u653f\u90e8\u6309\u8be5\u90e8\u95e8\u5c65\u884c\u804c\u80fd\u7684\u9700\u8981\u6838\u5b9a\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u7ecf\u8d39\u4f9b\u7ed9\u3002\u4ece<\/span>2002\u5e74\u8d77\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u8d22\u653f\u5f00\u59cb\u5b9e\u884c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u6539\u9769\u3002<\/span>2007\u5e74<\/span>4\u6708\u5f00\u59cb\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u300a\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\u7528\u4ea4\u7eb3\u529e\u6cd5\u300b\u5728\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\u7528\u7684\u6539\u9769\u65b9\u9762\u8fc8\u51fa\u4e86\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6b65\u4f10\u3002\u529e\u6cd5\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u6848\u4ef6\u53d7\u7406\u8d39\u3001\u7533\u8bf7\u8d39\u5168\u989d\u4e0a\u7f34\u8d22\u653f\uff0c\u7eb3\u5165\u9884\u7b97\uff0c\u5b9e\u884c\u6536\u652f\u4e24\u6761\u7ebf\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\u7528\u7684\u4ea4\u7eb3\u548c\u6536\u53d6\u5236\u5ea6\u5e94\u5f53\u516c\u793a\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u5e94\u5f53\u5411\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u5f00\u5177\u7f34\u8d39\u51ed\u8bc1\uff0c\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u6301\u7f34\u8d39\u51ed\u8bc1\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u4ee3\u7406\u94f6\u884c\u4ea4\u8d39\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u81ea\u6536\u81ea\u652f\u653f\u7b56\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u6295\u5165\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5f25\u8865\u4e86\u6cd5\u9662\u7ecf\u8d39\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u4e5f\u6fc0\u52b1\u4e86\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u529e\u6848\u70ed\u60c5\uff0c\u529e\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6536\u5165\uff1b\u800c\u6536\u652f\u4e24\u6761\u7ebf\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u901a\u8fc7\u653f\u5e9c\u8d22\u653f\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6cd5\u9662\u529e\u6848\u7ecf\u8d39\uff0c\u5207\u65ad\u4e86\u4f9d\u9760\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\u6539\u5584\u6cd5\u9662\u529e\u6848\u7ecf\u8d39\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u751f\u6d3b\u5f85\u9047\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u904f\u5236\u4e86\u529e\u6848\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u52a8\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u8fc7\u6e21\u671f\u6070\u6070\u53d1\u751f\u5728<\/span>90\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c<\/span>2007\u5e74\u7684\u300a\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\u7528\u4ea4\u7eb3\u529e\u6cd5\u300b\u6267\u884c\u540e\uff0c\u57fa\u5c42\u6cd5\u9662\u51fa\u73b0\u53d7\u7406\u6848\u4ef6\u6570\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u7ecf\u8d39\u4fdd\u969c\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u66b4\u9732\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u201c\u6536\u652f\u4e24\u6761\u7ebf\u201d\u5c1a\u672a\u771f\u6b63\u843d\u5b9e\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u7ecf\u8d39\u4fdd\u969c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0e\u4e0a\u7f34\u56fd\u5e93\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\u3001\u7f5a\u6ca1\u6b3e\u6302\u94a9\uff0c\u201c\u4ee5\u6536\u5b9a\u652f\u201d\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4ee5\u6536\u5b9a\u652f\u662f\u81ea\u6536\u81ea\u652f\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u7ee7\u7eed\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u9020\u6210\u53f8\u6cd5\u8150\u8d25\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u4e0d\u516c\u7684\u6e29\u5e8a\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u80fd\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u52a9\u957f\u6cd5\u9662\u81ea\u5df1\u627e\u7ecf\u8d39\u3001\u641e\u521b\u6536\u3001\u4e0e\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u201c\u540c\u5403\u3001\u540c\u4f4f\u3001\u540c\u884c\u201d\u7b49\u635f\u5bb3\u53f8\u6cd5\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002<\/span>(26)<\/p>\n

<\/span>\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\u7528\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u6216\u964d\u4f4e\u5bf9\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span>2007\u5e74\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u7684\u300a\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\u7528\u4ea4\u7eb3\u529e\u6cd5\u300b\u5927\u5e45\u5ea6\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u6709\u5173\u5b9e\u884c\u6536\u652f\u4e24\u6761\u7ebf\u7684\u4e3e\u63aa\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u9632\u6b62\u6cd5\u9662\u4ece\u81ea\u8eab\u5229\u76ca\u51fa\u53d1\u52a0\u91cd\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u8d1f\u62c5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u904f\u5236\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u5927\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u51cf\u5c11\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\u7528\u7684\u4e3e\u63aa\uff0c\u5728\u4fbf\u5229\u8001\u767e\u59d3\u6253\u5b98\u53f8\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u8bc9\u8bbc\u91cf\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u5927\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u6cd5\u9662\u6709\u9650\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\u80fd\u529b\u65e0\u529b\u5e94\u5bf9\u53ef\u80fd\u5230\u6765\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\u9ad8\u6f6e\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u4e94\u3001\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u516c\u4fe1\u529b\u5bf9\u8bc9\u8bbc\u91cf\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u4eba\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u9009\u62e9\u6cd5\u9662\u4f5c\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u4e89\u7aef\u7684\u673a\u6784\u4e0e\u6cd5\u9662\u5224\u51b3\u7684\u516c\u4fe1\u529b\u6709\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u516c\u4fe1\u529b\u5f53\u524d\u76f4\u63a5\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u6cd5\u9662\u5224\u51b3\u662f\u5426\u516c\u6b63\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u5224\u51b3\u7684\u6267\u884c\u662f\u5426\u56f0\u96be\u4e0a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53f8\u6cd5\u8150\u8d25\u4e25\u91cd\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u5224\u51b3\u6267\u884c\u96be\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u81ea\u7136\u4f1a\u8fdc\u79bb\u6cd5\u9662\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u89e3\u51b3\u4e89\u7aef\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u6cd5\u9662\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>1. 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0c\u63a5\u53d7\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u548c\u7fa4\u4f17\u7684\u76d1\u7763\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u53f8\u6cd5\u8150\u8d25\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\u6536\u53d6\u3001\u6cd5\u9662\u529e\u516c\u53f8\u3001\u56de\u907f\u5236\u5ea6\u90fd\u5173\u7cfb\u5230\u6cd5\u9662\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u5173\u7cfb\u5230\u5ba1\u5224\u662f\u5426\u516c\u6b63\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u6cd5\u9662\u4f5c\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u4e89\u7aef\u7684\u673a\u6784\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6cd5\u9662\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6cd5\u9662\u6709\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u884c\u4f7f\u5ba1\u5224\u6743\u6216\u6267\u884c\u6743\u725f\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6cd5\u9662\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u81ea\u5df1\u5229\u76ca\u6700\u5927\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\u6cd5\u9662\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4e0e\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u5229\u76ca\u65e0\u5173\u8005\uff0c\u52bf\u5fc5\u5bfc\u81f4\u516c\u4fe1\u529b\u7684\u964d\u4f4e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>D415S803.jpg<\/p>\n

<\/span>\u56fe<\/span>3 \u6267\u884c\u7387<\/span>(1992-2006)<\/p>\n

<\/span>\u8d44\u6599\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5e74\u9274\u300b<\/span>1993-2007\u5e74\u5404\u5377\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7ed8\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>1997 \u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u6cd5\u9662\u8bc9\u8bbc\u589e\u957f\u7387\u7684\u964d\u4f4e\u548c\u53f8\u6cd5\u8150\u8d25\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5b58\u5728\u4e24\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c<\/span>(29)\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u53f8\u6cd5\u8150\u8d25\u4f7f\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u4eec\u8fdc\u79bb\u6cd5\u9662\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u9488\u5bf9\u53f8\u6cd5\u8150\u8d25\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u5236\u5ea6\u6027\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u5982\u6536\u652f\u4e24\u6761\u7ebf\uff0c\u56de\u907f\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u6cd5\u9662\u529e\u516c\u53f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5207\u65ad\u4e86\u6cd5\u9662\u901a\u8fc7\u529e\u6848\u521b\u6536\u7684\u9014\u5f84\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u904f\u5236\u4e86\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u975e\u81ea\u7136\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u4f7f\u8bc9\u8bbc\u589e\u957f\u7387\u56de\u843d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea4\u7ec7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e8c\u8005\u76f8\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5236\u5ea6\u6027\u56e0\u7d20\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u662f\u5168\u5c40\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a<\/span>1997\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u589e\u957f\u7387\u7684\u964d\u4f4e\u548c\u4e2d\u592e\u9488\u5bf9\u53f8\u6cd5\u8150\u8d25\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5236\u5ea6\u5316\u7684\u6cbb\u7406\u63aa\u65bd\u6709\u7740\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>2.\u6267\u884c\u96be\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6267\u884c\u96be\u662f\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u4e00\u76f4\u56f0\u6270\u5ba1\u5224\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u68d8\u624b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6309\u7167\u6700\u9ad8\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u6267\u884c\u96be\u662f\u6307\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u4eba\u6709\u5c65\u884c\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u79cd\u79cd\u539f\u56e0\u5374\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230\u6267\u884c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u7531\u4e8e\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u4eba\u786e\u65e0\u53ef\u4f9b\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8d22\u4ea7\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6267\u884c\u96be\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u5fc5\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4ea4\u6613\u98ce\u9669\u548c\u6b63\u5e38\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6848\u4ef6\u53ea\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u9ad8\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u4eba\u7684\u5c65\u884c\u80fd\u529b\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/span>(30)\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u54ea\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u90fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u516c\u4fe1\u529b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u770b\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u6267\u884c\u72b6\u51b5\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u770b\u6cd5\u9662\u6240\u5ba1\u5224\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u6848\u4ef6\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5373\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7387\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u770b\u5728\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u9700\u8981\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5373\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u7387\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>D415S804.jpg<\/p>\n

<\/span>\u56fe<\/span>4 \u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u7387<\/span>(1992-2006)<\/p>\n

<\/span>\u8d44\u6599\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5e74\u9274\u300b<\/span>1993-2007\u5e74\u5404\u5377\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7ed8\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u8868<\/span>7 \u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5\u6cd5\u9662\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u4e0e\u6267\u884c\u3001\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570<\/span>(1992-2006)<\/p>\n

\n

<\/span> <\/span>\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u3000\u3000\u3000\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570<\/span><\/p>\n

1992-2006 <\/span>-0.75 <\/span> 0.84<\/p>\n

1997-2006 <\/span>-0.23 <\/span> 0.44<\/p>\n

\n

\n

<\/span>\u4ece\u6267\u884c\u7387\u770b\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7387<\/span>1992-2006\u5e74\u95f4\u5728<\/span>24\uff05\u2014<\/span>45\uff05\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002<\/span>1992-2000\u5e74\u95f4\u6267\u884c\u7387\u5448\u4e0a\u5347\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u800c<\/span>2000\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\u6267\u884c\u7387\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u6301\u5728<\/span>35\uff05\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6c34\u5e73<\/span>(\u56fe<\/span>3)\u3002\u4ece\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u5206\u6790\uff0c<\/span>1992-2006\u5e74\u6267\u884c\u7387\u4e0e\u4e00\u5ba1\u3001\u4e8c\u5ba1\u3001\u518d\u5ba1\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u6536\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u4e3a<\/span>0.84\uff0c\u800c<\/span>1997-2006 \u5e74\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u4e3a<\/span>0.44(\u8868<\/span>7)\uff0c\u5747\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u6267\u884c\u7387\u662f\u9020\u6210<\/span>1997\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u589e\u957f\u7387\u4e0b\u6ed1\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u4ece\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u7387\u770b\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u7387<\/span> 1992-2006\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\u5728<\/span>15\uff05\u2014<\/span>24\uff05\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002<\/span>2000\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u7387\u5448\u4e0b\u6ed1\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u4ece<\/span>23\uff05\u4e0b\u964d\u5230<\/span>15\uff05\uff1b\u800c<\/span>2000\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\u5219\u5448\u4e0a\u5347\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u4ece<\/span>15\uff05\u4e0a\u5347\u5230<\/span>21\uff05<\/span>(\u56fe<\/span>4)\u3002\u4ece\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u5206\u6790\uff0c<\/span>1992-2006\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u7387\u4e0e\u5404\u5ba1\u6848\u4ef6\u6536\u6848\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u4e3a<\/span>-0.75\uff0c\u800c<\/span>1997\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u4e3a<\/span> -0.23(\u8868<\/span>7)\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6709\u6240\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u5448\u8d1f\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8003\u8651\u5230\u65f6\u95f4\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u968f\u7740\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u6848\u4ef6\u6bd4\u7387\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u968f\u7740\u6267\u884c\u7387\u7684\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u8fd9\u8db3\u4ee5\u8bf4\u660e\u6cd5\u9662\u6267\u884c\u96be\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5bf9\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u5bf9\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6bd4\u7387\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6bd4\u7387\u3002\u5bf9\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u62c5\u5fc3\u7684\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u89c9\u5c65\u884c\u5224\u51b3\u8fd8\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6cd5\u9662\u6267\u884c\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u80fd\u5426\u901a\u8fc7\u6267\u884c\u4f7f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6743\u5229\u5f97\u5230\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u5224\u51b3\u65e0\u8bba\u901a\u8fc7\u4ec0\u4e48\u65b9\u5f0f\u90fd\u5c65\u884c\u4e0d\u4e86\uff0c\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u662f\u6d89\u8bc9\u4e0a\u8bbf\u7684\u589e\u591a\uff0c\u501f\u52a9\u79c1\u529b\u6551\u6d4e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e43\u81f3\u501f\u52a9\u9ed1\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u53d8\u5356\u6267\u884c\u4e0d\u4e86\u7684\u6cd5\u9662\u5224\u51b3\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u516c\u4fe1\u529b\u5fc5\u7136\u5927\u6253\u6298\u6263\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>3.\u4fe1\u8bbf\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u4ee5\u6765\u51fa\u73b0\u591a\u6b21\u4fe1\u8bbf\u9ad8\u6f6e\uff0c\u4fe1\u8bbf\u6570\u91cf\u8fdc\u8fdc\u8d85\u8fc7\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u4fe1\u8bbf\u95ee\u9898\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u7fa4\u4f17\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u70ed\u70b9\u3001\u96be\u70b9\u95ee\u9898\u76f8\u5bf9\u96c6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u653f\u7b56\u6027\u3001\u7fa4\u4f53\u6027\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u95ee\u9898\u8f83\u591a\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u4fe1\u8bbf\u95ee\u9898\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6cd5\u9662\u4e0d\u53d7\u7406\u7684\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u4f53\u5236\u6539\u9769\u4e2d\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u6027\u3001\u5168\u5c40\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6709\u5173\u884c\u653f\u90e8\u95e8\u5904\u4e8e\u98ce\u53e3\u6d6a\u5c16\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8bc9\u8bbc\u5f88\u96be\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\uff1b\u6709\u7684\u5219\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e0e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u8c13\u6d89\u8bc9\u4fe1\u8bbf\u3002\u5230\u515a\u653f\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u4fe1\u8bbf\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u5230\u53f8\u6cd5\u673a\u5173\u7684\u4fe1\u8bbf\u5219\u4e3b\u8981\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u662f\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6d89\u8bc9\u4fe1\u8bbf\u6570\u91cf\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u6cd5\u9662\u5ba1\u5224\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7684\u98ce\u5411\u6807\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e74\u5230\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u4fe1\u8bbf\u6570\u91cf\u4e0e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>D415S805.jpg<\/p>\n

<\/span>\u56fe<\/span>5 \u6cd5\u9662\u4fe1\u8bbf\u4e0e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u53d8\u5316<\/span>(1986-2006)<\/p>\n

<\/span>\u8d44\u6599\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5e74\u9274\u300b<\/span>1987-2007\u5e74\u5404\u5377\u3002\u5ba1\u5224\u603b\u91cf\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u5ba1\u3001\u4e8c\u5ba1\u3001\u518d\u5ba1\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>1986-2006 \u5e74\u6cd5\u9662\u4e00\u5ba1\u3001\u4e8c\u5ba1\u3001\u518d\u5ba1\u7684\u6536\u6848\u603b\u91cf\u4e3a<\/span>9690\u4e07\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u6cd5\u9662\u4fe1\u8bbf\u7684\u603b\u91cf\u4e3a<\/span>13779\u4e07\u4ef6<\/span>(\u56fe<\/span>5)\uff0c\u8fdc\u8fdc\u8d85\u8fc7\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0d\u5f15\u8d77\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u6cd5\u9662\u5ba1\u5224\u662f\u5426\u516c\u6b63\u3001\u6709\u6548\u7387\u7684\u8b66\u60d5\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u770b\u5230<\/span>2002\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u4fe1\u8bbf\u6570\u91cf\u6709\u4e86\u660e\u663e\u7684\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u8fdc\u8fdc\u4f4e\u4e8e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u7684<\/span>60\uff05\u591a\u3002\u4ece\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u770b\uff0c<\/span>1986-2006\u5e74\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u4e3a<\/span>-0.05\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5f31\u76f8\u5173\uff0c<\/span>1996\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u4e3a<\/span>-0.39\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u5728\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u4e0a\u5347\u65f6\u6cd5\u9662\u4fe1\u8bbf\u6570\u91cf\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u800c\u5728<\/span> 1997\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u4e3a<\/span>0.85\uff0c\u5f3a\u6b63\u76f8\u5173<\/span>(\u8868<\/span>8)\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u5728\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u4e0b\u964d\u65f6\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u4fe1\u8bbf\u6570\u91cf\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u4fe1\u8bbf\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6765\u8bb2\u5177\u6709\u79ef\u6781\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u5c31\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u4fe1\u8bbf\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u987b\u77e5\u5230\u515a\u653f\u90e8\u95e8\u3001\u4eba\u5927\u4ee5\u53ca\u5de5\u9752\u5987\u3001\u65b0\u95fb\u5a92\u4f53\u7684\u4fe1\u8bbf\u4e2d\u8fd8\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6d89\u8bc9\u4fe1\u8bbf\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u6570\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u8fdc\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u4fe1\u8bbf\u91cf\u3002<\/span>(31)<\/p>\n

<\/span>\u8868<\/span>8 \u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5\u6cd5\u9662\u6d89\u8bc9\u4fe1\u8bbf\u548c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u3001\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u3001\u6bd4\u91cd<\/span>(1986-2006)<\/p>\n

\n

\u6d89\u8bc9\u4fe1\u8bbf\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u7387<\/span>(\uff05<\/span>) <\/span> <\/span>\u8bc9\u8bbc\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387<\/span>(\uff05<\/span>) \u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u3000\u3000\u3000\u6bd4\u91cd<\/span>(\uff05<\/span>)<\/p>\n

1986-1996 <\/span> -1.8 <\/span> 10.2 <\/span> -0.39 <\/span> 65<\/p>\n

1997-2006 <\/span> -2.8 <\/span>1.4 <\/span>0.85 <\/span>50.4<\/p>\n

1986-2006 <\/span> -2.3 <\/span>5.15 <\/span>-0.05 <\/span>58.1<\/p>\n

\n

\n

<\/span>\u8bda\u5982\u6cd5\u9662\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6d89\u8bc9\u4fe1\u8bbf\u662f\u7531\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u539f\u56e0\u9020\u6210\u7684\uff1a\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6587\u5316\u7684\u65e5\u76ca\u7e41\u8363\uff0c\u800c\u4eba\u4eec\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6587\u5316\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u6d3b\u8dc3\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u77db\u76fe\u7ea0\u7eb7\u6210\u500d\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u8d8b\u5411\u6fc0\u70c8\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u5904\u4e8e\u77db\u76fe\u591a\u53d1\u671f\uff0c\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u56e0\u7d20\u589e\u591a\uff0c\u5982\u4f01\u4e1a\u6539\u5236\u3001\u7834\u4ea7\u3001\u4ea7\u6743\u8f6c\u8ba9\u3001\u804c\u5de5\u5b89\u7f6e\u3001\u517b\u8001\u3001\u4fdd\u9669\u3001\u5f81\u5730\u62c6\u8fc1\u3001\u571f\u5730\u8c03\u6574\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u6cd5\u9662\u53d7\u7406\u4e2d\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u5bb9\u6613\u4ea7\u751f\u4fe1\u8bbf\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u662f\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u77db\u76fe\u6700\u540e\u5230\u4e86\u6cd5\u9662\uff0c\u7531\u6cd5\u9662\u4f5c\u51fa\u7684\u7ec8\u5ba1\u88c1\u5224\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u606f\u8bc9\u670d\u5224\uff0c\u800c\u9009\u62e9\u4e0a\u8bbf\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u6d89\u8bc9\u4fe1\u8bbf\u7684\u589e\u591a\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5728\u5ba1\u5224\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u88c1\u5224\u4e0d\u516c\u3001\u6267\u884c\u96be\u3001\u6548\u7387\u4f4e\u3001\u6709\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\u4e45\u8bc9\u4e0d\u7acb\uff0c\u4e45\u5ba1\u4e0d\u7ed3\uff0c\u4e45\u62d6\u4e0d\u51b3\uff0c\u6267\u6cd5\u65b9\u5f0f\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u7c97\u66b4\uff0c\u91cd\u7ed3\u6848\u8f7b\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u4e00\u5473\u5f3a\u8c03\u5f53\u5ead\u5ba3\u5224\u7387\uff0c\u91cd\u5224\u8f7b\u8c03\uff0c\u6267\u6cd5\u4e0d\u5ec9\uff0c\u5728\u529e\u6848\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6ee5\u7528\u81ea\u7531\u88c1\u91cf\u6743\uff0c\u529e\u5173\u7cfb\u6848\u3001\u4eba\u60c5\u6848\u3001\u91d1\u94b1\u6848\uff0c\u5403\u559d\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u73b0\u8c61\u90fd\u662f\u9020\u6210\u6d89\u8bc9\u4fe1\u8bbf\u6570\u91cf\u5c45\u9ad8\u4e0d\u4e0b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/span>(32)<\/p>\n

<\/span>\u516d\u3001\u603b\u4f53\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u7ea0\u7eb7\u5206\u6d41\u5230\u54ea\u91cc\u53bb\u4e86<\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/span>\u6309\u7167\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f\uff1a<\/span>90\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\u534a\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u8bc9\u8bbc\u589e\u957f\u7387\u7684\u4e0b\u964d\u662f\u7531\u591a\u91cd\u56e0\u7d20\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u3002\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77<\/span>1997\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u8bc9\u8bbc\u589e\u957f\u7387\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u4e2d\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>1. \u6c11\u95f4\u89e3\u51b3\u7ea0\u7eb7\u673a\u5236\u3000\u8c03\u89e3\u3001\u4ef2\u88c1\u548c\u57fa\u5c42\u6cd5\u5f8b\u670d\u52a1\u5bf9\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u57fa\u672c\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c<\/span>1997\u5e74\u540e\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u53d8\u5c0f\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u975e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7ea0\u7eb7\u89e3\u51b3\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u8c03\u89e3\u548c\u4ef2\u88c1\u65e0\u8bba\u5728\u603b\u91cf\u4e0a\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u4e0e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u4e0a\u90fd\u5728\u5f31\u5316\uff0c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u534f\u4f1a\u5728\u89e3\u51b3\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6743\u76ca\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u7ea0\u7eb7\u4e2d\u8d77\u5230\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5206\u6d41\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u534f\u4f1a\u662f\u7fa4\u4f17\u6027\u7684\u81ea\u6cbb\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u8c03\u89e3\u548c\u6c11\u95f4\u4ef2\u88c1\u90fd\u5728\u5f31\u5316\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u534f\u4f1a\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7a81\u8d77\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u53d1\u6325\u7fa4\u4f17\u6027\u3001\u884c\u4e1a\u6027\u7684\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u89e3\u51b3\u7ea0\u7eb7\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u5f97\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8bfe\u9898\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u8c03\u89e3\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5c45\u59d4\u4f1a\u3001\u6751\u59d4\u4f1a\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4eba\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u5df2\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7ea0\u7eb7\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4ee5\u5c45\u4f4f\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u5c45\u59d4\u4f1a\u3001\u6751\u59d4\u4f1a\u5728\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ea0\u7eb7\u65f6\u6240\u53d1\u6325\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u6709\u9650\u3002\u5e94\u6ce8\u610f\u65b0\u578b\u5173\u7cfb\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u7ea0\u7eb7\u673a\u5236\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/span>3.\u53f8\u6cd5\u653f\u7b56\u3000\u4e0d\u53d7\u7406\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u653f\u7b56\u4f7f\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u4ee5\u6765\u7531\u4e8e\u653f\u7b56\u53d8\u52a8\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7ea0\u7eb7\uff0c\u5982\u96c6\u8d44\u7ea0\u7eb7\u3001\u571f\u5730\u7ea0\u7eb7\u3001\u804c\u5de5\u4e0b\u5c97\u7b49\u4e0d\u901a\u8fc7\u6cd5\u9662\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u7ea0\u7eb7\u5360\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u53bb\u5411\uff0c\u662f\u884c\u653f\u673a\u6784\u3001\u5355\u4f4d\u3001\u4fe1\u8bbf\u8fd8\u662f\u79c1\u529b\u6551\u6d4e\uff0c\u5c06\u51b3\u5b9a\u7740\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u516c\u5e73\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff1b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\u7528\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u7531\u201c\u81ea\u6536\u81ea\u652f\u201d\u5230\u201c\u6536\u652f\u4e24\u6761\u7ebf\u201d\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u4f1a\u4f7f\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u957f\u53d8\u5f97\u6709\u8282\u5236\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u51cf\u7f13\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>4.\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u516c\u4fe1\u529b\u3000\u53f8\u6cd5\u8150\u8d25\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5065\u5168\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6cd5\u9662\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ffd\u6c42\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u4f7f\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u5728\u77ed\u671f\u5185\u8fc5\u901f\u589e\u957f\u3002\u6536\u652f\u4e24\u6761\u7ebf\u3001\u7981\u6b62\u6cd5\u9662\u529e\u516c\u53f8\u3001\u56de\u907f\u5236\u5ea6\u7b49\u5236\u5ea6\u6027\u5efa\u8bbe\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u589e\u957f\u7387\u7684\u56de\u843d\uff1b\u6267\u884c\u96be\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u589e\u957f\u7387\u5177\u6709\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1b\u800c\u6d89\u8bc9\u4fe1\u8bbf\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u6cd5\u9662\u4fe1\u4efb\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u98ce\u5411\u6807\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>* \u672c\u6587\u7684\u5199\u4f5c\u57fa\u4e8e\u4f5c\u8005\u6240\u4e3b\u6301\u7684\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53d1\u5c55\u62a5\u544a\u2014\u2014\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u6307\u6807\u4f53\u7cfb\u201d\u8bfe\u9898<\/span>(\u6731\u666f\u6587\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53d1\u5c55\u62a5\u544a\u2014\u2014\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u6307\u6807\u4f53\u7cfb\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c<\/span>2007\u5e74<\/span>)\uff0c\u611f\u8c22\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u6210\u5458\u641c\u96c6\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u4e3a\u672c\u6587\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5728\u672c\u6587\u7684\u5199\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6211\u6709\u5e78\u4e8e<\/span>2007\u5e74<\/span>11\u6708\u5e94\u9080\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5a01\u65af\u5eb7\u661f\u5927\u5b66\u4e3e\u529e\u7684\u201c\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u8f6c\u578b\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u201d\u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a\u4e0a\u4f5c\u4e86\u201c\u6cd5\u5236\u5316\u7684\u53cd\u601d\u2014\u2014\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bc9\u8bbc\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u201d\u7684\u53d1\u8a00\u3002\u611f\u8c22\u695a\u8d1d\u514b<\/span>(David Trubek)\u6559\u6388\u3001\u9a6c\u8003\u5229<\/span>(Stewart Macaulay)\u6559\u6388\u3001\u6851\u6258\u65af<\/span>(Boaventura de Sousa Santos)\u6559\u6388\u548c\u5965\u7d22\u6cbb<\/span>(John Ohnesorge)\u6559\u6388\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\u3002\u611f\u8c22\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u5b66\u8303\u6109\u6559\u6388\u5bf9\u672c\u6587\u7684\u72ec\u5230\u6279\u8bc4\u5e76\u628a\u672c\u6587\u7eb3\u5165\u5230\u5979\u6240\u4e3b\u6301\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u91cd\u5927\u653b\u5173\u8bfe\u9898\u201c\u591a\u5143\u5316\u7ea0\u7eb7\u89e3\u51b3\u673a\u5236\u4e0e\u548c\u8c10\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5efa\u6784\u201d<\/span>(05JZD0004)\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u2460\u53c2\u89c1\u6731\u666f\u6587\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53d1\u5c55\u62a5\u544a\u2014\u2014\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u6307\u6807\u4f53\u7cfb\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c<\/span>6\u2014<\/span>8\u9875\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u2461<\/span> <\/span>\u8bb8\u591a\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d1\u5c55\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u5361\u7518<\/span>(Robert Kagan)\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u503a\u6743\u503a\u52a1\u4e89\u7aef\u5728<\/span>18\u3001<\/span>19\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u6cd5\u9662\u5ba1\u7406\u7684\u5404\u7c7b\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5360\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u3002\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5dde\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u90fd\u5728<\/span>50\uff05\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c<\/span>20\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u6765\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u5f00\u59cb\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728<\/span>50\u5e74\u4ee3\u5230<\/span>70\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u5e45\u5ea6\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5dde\u7684\u4e0a\u8bc9\u6cd5\u9662\u8fd9\u7c7b\u8ba8\u503a\u6848\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5230<\/span>7\uff05\u3002\u53c2\u89c1<\/span>Robert Kagan, “The Routinization of Debt Collection: An Essay on Social Change and Conflict in the Courts”, Law and Society Review, vol. 18, No. 3, 1984, p. 323.\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u80af\u6c83\u65af<\/span>(Lane Kenworthy)\u3001\u9a6c\u8003\u5229\u3001\u7f57\u683c\u65af<\/span>(Joel Rogers)\u6307\u51fa\uff0c<\/span>1970\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u4ee5\u6765\u7f8e\u56fd\u6c7d\u8f66\u5de5\u4e1a\u7531\u4e8e\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u3001\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u77ed\u671f\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u8fc5\u901f\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u4e86\u5341\u51e0\u5e74\u3002\u4f46\u81ea<\/span>1980\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u6c7d\u8f66\u5de5\u4e1a\u7684\u5927\u516c\u53f8\u548c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u3001\u96f6\u552e\u5546\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u8d8b\u4e8e\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8bc9\u8bbc\u548c\u8fd0\u7528\u4ef2\u88c1\u7b49\u975e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u7ea0\u7eb7\u89e3\u51b3\u673a\u5236\u6210\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6570\u91cf\u660e\u663e\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u53c2\u89c1<\/span>Lane Kenworthy, Stewart Macaulay and Joel Rogers, “‘The More Things Change\u2026<\/span>‘: Business Litigation and Governance in the American Automobile Industry”, Law and Social Inquiry, vol. 21, No. 3(Summer 1996), pp. 631-678.<\/p>\n

<\/span>\u2462\u53c2\u89c1<\/span>2006\u5e74\u6700\u9ad8\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u5de5\u4f5c\u62a5\u544a\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u5bf9\u77db\u76fe\u65e0\u975e\u91c7\u53d6\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u6269\u5f20\u6cd5\u9662\u6709\u9650\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u589e\u52a0\u6cd5\u5b98\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6cd5\u5b98\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\u6548\u7387\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u9879\u63aa\u65bd\u662f\u672c\u6587\u6240\u8c08\u5230\u7684\u5206\u6d41\uff0c\u5373\u901a\u8fc7\u975e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7ea0\u7eb7\u89e3\u51b3\u673a\u5236\u548c\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4e89\u7aef\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u673a\u6784\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u2463\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7edf\u8ba1\u5e74\u9274\u300b<\/span>(2007)\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7edf\u8ba1\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c<\/span>2008\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c<\/span>60\u9875\u8868<\/span>3\u2014<\/span>4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u2464<\/span> <\/span>\u53c2\u89c1\u8303\u6109\uff1a\u300a\u975e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7ea0\u7eb7\u89e3\u51b3\u673a\u5236\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c<\/span>2000\u5e74\uff1b\u8303\u6109\uff1a\u300a\u7ea0\u7eb7\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c<\/span>2007\u5e74\uff1b\u738b\u4e9a\u65b0\uff1a\u300a\u7ea0\u7eb7\uff0c\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u6cd5\u6cbb\u2014\u2014\u63a2\u7d22\u7814\u7a76\u7ea0\u7eb7\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u89c4\u8303\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u6e05\u534e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b\u7b2c<\/span>2\u8f91\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c<\/span>1999\u5e74\uff1b\u68da\u6fd1\u5b5d\u96c4\uff1a\u300a\u7ea0\u7eb7\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0e\u5ba1\u5224\u5236\u5ea6\u300b\uff0c\u738b\u4e9a\u65b0\u8bd1\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cd5\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c<\/span>1994\u5e74\u3002\u82f1\u6587\u8d44\u6599\u53c2\u89c1<\/span>Thomas Stipanowich, “ADR and the’ Vanishing Trial’: The Growth and Impact of the ‘Alternative Dispute Resolution'”, Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, vol. 1, No. 3(November 2004), p. 843.\u4f5c\u8005\u7279\u522b\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5ba1\u5224\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u4e0b\u964d\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6848\u4ef6\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u975e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7ea0\u7eb7\u89e3\u51b3\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6cd5\u9662\u6240\u9644\u5c5e\u7684\u548c\u72ec\u7acb\u7684<\/span>ADR(Alternative Dispute Resolution\uff0c\u5373\u975e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7ea0\u7eb7\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0\u66ff\u4ee3\u6027\u7ea0\u7eb7\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u5f0f<\/span>)\u673a\u6784\u3002\u4f46\u5411\u6cd5\u9662\u9644\u5c5e\u7684<\/span>ADR\u7684\u8f6c\u79fb\u5e76\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u53ea\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u6cd5\u9662\u5904\u7406\u7ea0\u7eb7\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u7f8e\u56fd\u72ec\u7acb\u7684<\/span>ADR\u6240\u5ba1\u7406\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\u6570\u91cf\u8fdc\u5c11\u4e8e\u6cd5\u9662\u76f8\u5e94\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5bf9\u8bc9\u8bbc\u91cf\u5f71\u54cd\u6709\u9650\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5ba1\u5224\u89e3\u51b3\u7ea0\u7eb7\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u6bd4\u4f8b\u90fd\u4e0b\u964d\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6b63\u5728\u6d88\u5931\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\u201d<\/span>(Vanishing Trial)\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7ea0\u7eb7\u90fd\u662f\u6cd5\u9662\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u5f0f\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u2465\u7f8e\u56fd\u8457\u540d\u6cd5\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u5bb6\u5f17\u91cc\u5fb7\u66fc<\/span> (L.Friedman)\u6307\u51fa\uff0c<\/span>1850\u5e74\u524d\u540e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5546\u4e1a\u7684\u589e\u957f\u7ed9\u6cd5\u9662\u5ba1\u5224\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u7684\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u9762\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u91c7\u53d6\u5355\u7eaf\u6269\u5927\u6cd5\u9662\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u901a\u8fc7\u975e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7ea0\u7eb7\u89e3\u51b3\u673a\u5236\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u622a\u6d41\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u6cd5\u9662\u5ba1\u5224\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u9ad8\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8d39\u548c\u901a\u8fc7\u6cd5\u9662\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u963b\u788d\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u901a\u8fc7\u6cd5\u9662\u89e3\u51b3\u7ea0\u7eb7\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u628a\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7559\u7ed9\u4ed8\u5f97\u8d77\u94b1\u548c\u4e0d\u60dc\u4e00\u5207\u4ee3\u4ef7\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u53c2\u89c1<\/span>Lawrence Friedman, “General Theory of Law and Social Change”, in Jacob S. Ziegel, ed., Law and Social Change, Toronto: York University, 1973, pp. 17-35.<\/p>\n

<\/span>\u2466\u53c2\u89c1\u5b63\u536b\u4e1c\uff1a\u300a\u5224\u51b3\u4e66\u201c\u5e02\u573a\u5316\u201d\u5fe7\u601d\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u8d22\u7ecf\u300b<\/span>2006\u5e74\u7b2c<\/span>17\u671f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u2467\u53c2\u89c1\u5e94\u661f\uff1a\u300a\u5927\u6cb3\u79fb\u6c11\u4e0a\u8bbf\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e09\u8054\u4e66\u5e97\uff0c<\/span>2001\u5e74\uff1b\u4e8e\u5efa\u5d58\uff1a\u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u7ef4\u6743\u6297\u4e89\u2014\u2014\u6e56\u5357\u8861\u9633\u8003\u5bdf\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c<\/span>2007\u5e74\uff1b\u674e\u5b8f\u535a\uff1a\u300a\u6cd5\u5236\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u4fe1\u8bbf\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c<\/span>2007\u5e74\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u2468\u53c2\u89c1\u5f90\u6615\uff1a\u300a\u8bba\u79c1\u529b\u6551\u6d4e\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cd5\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c<\/span>2005\u5e74\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u2469<\/span>1981-2004 \u5e74\u6570\u5b57\u53c2\u89c1\u6731\u666f\u6587\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53d1\u5c55\u62a5\u544a\u2014\u2014\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u6307\u6807\u4f53\u7cfb\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c<\/span>20\u9875\uff1b<\/span>2005\u5e74\u6570\u5b57\u53c2\u89c1\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5e74\u9274\u300b<\/span>(2006)\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5e74\u9274\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c<\/span>2007\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c<\/span>1002\u9875\uff1b<\/span>2006\u5e74\u6570\u5b57\u53c2\u89c1\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5e74\u9274\u300b<\/span>(2007)\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5e74\u9274\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c<\/span>2008\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c<\/span>1081\u9875\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(11)1981-2004\u5e74\u6570\u5b57\u53c2\u89c1\u6731\u666f\u6587\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53d1\u5c55\u62a5\u544a\u2014\u2014\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u6307\u6807\u4f53\u7cfb\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c<\/span>8\u2014<\/span>9\u9875\uff1b<\/span>2005\u5e74\u6570\u5b57\u53c2\u89c1\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5e74\u9274\u300b<\/span>(2006)\uff0c\u7b2c<\/span>1066\u9875\uff1b<\/span>2006\u5e74\u6570\u5b57\u53c2\u89c1\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5e74\u9274\u300b<\/span>(2007)\uff0c\u7b2c<\/span>989\u9875\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(12)\u53c2\u89c1\u6731\u666f\u6587\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53d1\u5c55\u62a5\u544a\u2014\u2014\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u6307\u6807\u4f53\u7cfb\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c<\/span>20\u9875\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(13)\u53c2\u89c1\u6731\u666f\u6587\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53d1\u5c55\u62a5\u544a\u2014\u2014\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u6307\u6807\u4f53\u7cfb\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c<\/span>380\u9875\u8868<\/span>7\u2014<\/span>15\u3001<\/span>6\u2014<\/span>7\u9875\u8868<\/span>1\u2014<\/span>02\uff0c\u5e76\u636e\u6b64\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(14)\u6839\u636e\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5e74\u9274\u300b<\/span>1987-2007\u5e74\u5404\u5377\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5f8b\u5e08\u5404\u7c7b\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(15)1994 \u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u6240\u53d7\u7406\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u540c\u6848\u4ef6\u4e0e<\/span>1995\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\u6240\u53d7\u7406\u7684\u5408\u540c\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u6807\u51c6\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/span>1994\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u5408\u540c\u6848\u4ef6\u9664\u4e86\u5305\u62ec\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u540c\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u52b3\u52a8\u5408\u540c\u3001\u6280\u672f\u5408\u540c\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u5408\u540c\u7b49\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u6784\u6210\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u540c\u6848\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5408\u540c\u7ea0\u7eb7\u6240\u5360\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u5f88\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u5982<\/span>1995-2004\u5e74\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u6240\u53d7\u7406\u7684\u5408\u540c\u6848\u4ef6\u5171<\/span> 2447.5\u4e07\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u52b3\u52a8\u5408\u540c\u6848\u4ef6<\/span>77.3\u4e07\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ea\u5360<\/span>3.1\uff05\u3002\u6280\u672f\u5408\u540c\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u5408\u540c\u6848\u4ef6\u6240\u5360\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u66f4\u4f4e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7528<\/span>1995\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u5408\u540c\u6848\u4ef6\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u540c\u6848\u4ef6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ece\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u5f71\u54cd\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u5189\u4e95\u5bcc\uff1a\u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7387\u53d8\u8fc1\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c<\/span>2005\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c<\/span>128\u2014<\/span>145\u9875\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(16)\u53c2\u89c1\u6731\u666f\u6587\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53d1\u5c55\u62a5\u544a\u2014\u2014\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u6307\u6807\u4f53\u7cfb\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c<\/span>26\u9875\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(17)\u6839\u636e\u4e2d\u56fd\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u534f\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(18)\u53c2\u89c1\u6731\u666f\u6587\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53d1\u5c55\u62a5\u544a\u2014\u2014\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u6307\u6807\u4f53\u7cfb\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c<\/span>221\u2014<\/span>222\u9875\u8868<\/span>4\u2014<\/span>16\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(19)\u53c2\u89c1\u6731\u666f\u6587\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53d1\u5c55\u62a5\u544a\u2014\u2014\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u6307\u6807\u4f53\u7cfb\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c<\/span>28\u2014<\/span>29\u9875\u56fe<\/span>1\u2014<\/span>27\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(20)\u53c2\u89c1\u6731\u666f\u6587\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53d1\u5c55\u62a5\u544a\u2014\u2014\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u6307\u6807\u4f53\u7cfb\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c<\/span>221\u2014<\/span>222\u9875\u8868<\/span>4\u2014<\/span>16\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(21)\u53c2\u89c1\u6731\u666f\u6587\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53d1\u5c55\u62a5\u544a\u2014\u2014\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u6307\u6807\u4f53\u7cfb\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c<\/span>211\u2014<\/span>212\u9875\u8868<\/span>4\u2014<\/span>10\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(22)\u6839\u636e\u6731\u666f\u6587\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53d1\u5c55\u62a5\u544a\u2014\u2014\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u6307\u6807\u4f53\u7cfb\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c<\/span>221\u2014<\/span>222\u9875\u8868<\/span>4\u2014<\/span>16\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(23) \u5728\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0d\u540c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5211\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7387\u65f6\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5211\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7387\u5dee\u522b\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6bd4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f4e\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\u3002\u4f46\u4ed4\u7ec6\u5206\u6790\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u5bf9\u201c\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u72af\u7f6a\u201d\u4e2d\u7f8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0d\u628a\u6cbb\u5b89\u6848\u4ef6\u7b97\u505a\u72af\u7f6a\uff0c\u800c\u6cbb\u5b89\u6848\u4ef6\u8d85\u8fc7<\/span>700\u4e07\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fdc\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5211\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u6307\u8d23\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6cbb\u5b89\u6848\u4ef6\u5265\u593a\u4e86\u88ab\u544a\u4eba\u7684\u6b63\u5f53\u63a5\u53d7\u5ba1\u5224\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u8981\u5fd8\u8bb0\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5211\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u4e5f\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5211\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6848\u4ef6\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f<\/span>90\uff05\u7684\u5211\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8f7b\u7f6a\u7684\u6848\u4ef6<\/span>(\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6cbb\u5b89\u6848\u4ef6<\/span>)\u901a\u8fc7\u8fa9\u8bc9\u4ea4\u6613\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u53ea\u9650\u4e8e\u7ed9\u4ea4\u6613\u76d6\u4e0a\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u5370\u7ae0\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u7f8e\u56fd\u6cd5\u9662\u5b9e\u9645\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5ba1\u5224\u7684\u5211\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u53ea\u6709\u4e0d\u5230<\/span>10\uff05\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u7740\u773c\u4e8e\u201c\u72af\u7f6a\u7387\u201d\u3001\u201c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7387\u201d\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7740\u773c\u4e8e\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u4ece\u6570\u91cf\u4e0a\u8fd8\u662f\u4ece\u6027\u8d28\u4e0a\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5211\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u90fd\u6709\u53ef\u6bd4\u6027\u3002\u53c2\u89c1<\/span>Samuel Krislov, “Debating on Bargaining: Comments From a Synthesizer”, Law and Society Review, vol. 13, no. 2(Winter 1979), pp. 573, 575-576, 578-581\uff1b\u6731\u666f\u6587\uff1a\u300a\u6cd5\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c<\/span>2005\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c<\/span>88\u2014<\/span>108\u9875\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(24)\u6309\u7167<\/span>1997\u5e74\u9881\u5e03\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u7acb\u6848\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6682\u884c\u89c4\u5b9a\u300b\u7b2c\u516b\u6761\u4e4b\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u6536\u5230\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u7684\u8d77\u8bc9\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u4f9d\u7167\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u53f8\u6cd5\u89e3\u91ca\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\u53d7\u7406\u6761\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u5ba1\u67e5\uff1a<\/span>(\u4e00<\/span>)\u8d77\u8bc9\u4eba\u5e94\u5f53\u5177\u5907\u6cd5\u5f8b\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u8d44\u683c\uff1b<\/span>(\u4e8c<\/span>)\u5e94\u5f53\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u88ab\u544a\uff1b<\/span>(\u4e09<\/span>)\u6709\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6839\u636e\uff1b<\/span>(\u56db<\/span>)\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u53d7\u7406\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u548c\u53d7\u8bc9\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u7ba1\u8f96\u3002\u672c\u6587\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u4e0d\u53d7\u7406\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6307\u4e0d\u5728\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u53d7\u7406\u6848\u4ef6\u8303\u56f4\u4e4b\u5185\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(25)\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5e7f\u897f\u9ad8\u7ea7\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662<\/span>2003\u5e74\u7b2c<\/span>180\u53f7\u6587\u4ef6\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86<\/span>13\u7c7b\u6682\u4e0d\u53d7\u7406\u7684\u6848\u4ef6<\/span>(\u300a\u5e7f\u897f\u6cd5\u9662\u4e0d\u53d7\u7406<\/span>13\u7c7b\u6848\u4ef6\u7701\u9ad8\u9662\u79f0\u7531\u56fd\u60c5\u51b3\u5b9a\u300b\uff0c<\/span>2004\u5e74<\/span>8\u6708<\/span>24\u65e5\uff0c<\/span>http:\/\/news.beelink.com.cn \/20040824\/1661293.shtml\uff0c<\/span>2008\u5e74<\/span>1\u6708<\/span>3\u65e5<\/span>)\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u6cd5\u9662\u6240\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u4e0d\u53d7\u7406\u7684\u7ea0\u7eb7\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u4e1a\u4e3b\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u7ea0\u7eb7\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u91c7\u8d2d\u7684\u62db\u6807\u6295\u6807\u7ea0\u7eb7\u3001\u623f\u5c4b\u62c6\u8fc1\u7ea0\u7eb7\uff0c\u56e0\u843d\u5b9e\u653f\u7b56\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u623f\u5c4b\u7ea0\u7eb7\uff0c\u56e0\u5355\u4f4d\u5185\u90e8\u5efa\u623f\u3001\u5206\u623f\u7b49\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u5360\u623f\u3001\u817e\u623f\u7b49\u623f\u5730\u4ea7\u7ea0\u7eb7\uff0c\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u4f5c\u5f0a\u53d7\u5904\u5206\u800c\u544a\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u7ea0\u7eb7\uff0c\u4e8b\u4e1a\u5355\u4f4d\u4e0e\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u56e0\u804c\u79f0\u3001\u804c\u7ea7\u3001\u804c\u52a1\u3001\u8003\u6838\u8003\u8bc4\u7b49\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u4e8b\u4e1a\u5355\u4f4d\u4e0e\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u56e0\u6280\u672f\u5165\u80a1\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u7684\u6743\u5c5e\u4ee5\u53ca\u5229\u76ca\u5206\u914d\u7b49\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u4e8b\u4e1a\u5355\u4f4d\u4e0e\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u56e0\u627f\u5305\u95ee\u9898\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u7ba1\u90e8\u95e8\u5728\u5bf9\u4f01\u4e1a\u56fd\u6709\u8d44\u4ea7\u8fdb\u884c\u884c\u653f\u6027\u8c03\u6574\u3001\u5212\u8f6c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u7ea0\u7eb7\uff0c\u8bc1\u5238\u6c11\u4e8b\u8d54\u507f\u7ea0\u7eb7\uff0c\u62c6\u8fc1\u8865\u507f\u7ea0\u7eb7\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(26)\u53c2\u89c1\u987e\u79c0\u83b2\uff1a\u300a\u575a\u51b3\u7ea0\u6b63\u6cd5\u9662\u68c0\u5bdf\u9662\u641e\u521b\u6536\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u4eba\u6c11\u65e5\u62a5\u300b<\/span>2007\u5e74<\/span>8\u6708<\/span>30\u65e5\uff0c\u7b2c<\/span>10\u7248\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(27) \u53c2\u89c1<\/span>2003\u5e74\u6700\u9ad8\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u5de5\u4f5c\u62a5\u544a\uff1a\u201c\u4e94\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u6cd5\u9662\u8fdd\u6cd5\u8fdd\u7eaa\u4eba\u6570\u9010\u5e74\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u5df2\u4ece<\/span>1998\u5e74\u7684<\/span>6.7\u2030\u4e0b\u964d\u5230<\/span>2002\u5e74\u7684<\/span>2\u2030\u3002\u201d<\/span>2002\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u60e9\u5904\u7684\u8fdd\u7eaa\u8fdd\u6cd5\u7684\u4eba\u6570\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c<\/span>2003\u5e74\u4e3a<\/span>794\u4eba\uff0c<\/span>2004\u5e74<\/span>461\u4eba\uff0c<\/span>2005\u5e74<\/span>378\u4eba\uff0c<\/span>2006\u5e74<\/span>292\u4eba<\/span>(\u53c2\u89c1<\/span>2004-2007\u5e74\u6700\u9ad8\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u5de5\u4f5c\u62a5\u544a<\/span>)\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(28)\u53c2\u89c1<\/span>1999\u5e74\u6700\u9ad8\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u5de5\u4f5c\u62a5\u544a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(29)\u5bf9<\/span>20\u4e16\u7eaa<\/span>90\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u53f8\u6cd5\u8150\u8d25\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u4f30\u8ba1\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u89c1\u3002\u6709\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u8150\u8d25\u5177\u6709\u660e\u663e\u7684\u540e\u53d1\u6027\u3002\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u540e\u7684\u524d\u5341\u4e94\u516d\u5e74\u95f4\u53f8\u6cd5\u8150\u8d25\u5e76\u4e0d\u5341\u5206\u4e25\u91cd\uff0c\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u4f46\u8fdb\u5165<\/span>90\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u53f8\u6cd5\u8150\u8d25\u4fbf\u4e0d\u65ad\u6ecb\u751f\u8513\u5ef6\uff0c\u4e14\u5448\u6108\u6f14\u6108\u70c8\u4e4b\u52bf\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u8c2d\u4e16\u8d35\uff1a\u300a\u53f8\u6cd5\u8150\u8d25\u9632\u6cbb\u8bba\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u6cd5\u5f8b\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c<\/span>2003\u5e74\u3002\u6709\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c<\/span>90\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u201c\u73af\u5883\u201d\u6574\u4f53\u4e0a\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u5411\u76f8\u5bf9\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u6f14\u5316\u3002\u53f8\u6cd5\u8150\u8d25\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u90a3\u4e48\u4e25\u91cd\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5bf9\u53f8\u6cd5\u8150\u8d25\u754c\u5b9a\u4e0d\u6e05\u4ee5\u53ca\u591a\u65b9\u535a\u5f08\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u53f8\u6cd5\u8150\u8d25\u7a0b\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u6269\u5927\u5316\u4e86\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u738b\u4e9a\u65b0\uff1a\u300a\u53f8\u6cd5\u8150\u8d25\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u89e3\u8bfb\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u601d\u60f3\u6218\u7ebf\u300b<\/span>2005\u5e74\u7b2c<\/span>4\u671f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(30)\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5e74\u9274\u300b<\/span>(2006)\uff0c\u7b2c<\/span>124\u9875\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>(31) \u6709\u62a5\u9053\u8bf4\uff0c\u6d89\u8bc9\u4fe1\u8bbf\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u5360\u4fe1\u8bbf\u603b\u91cf\u7684<\/span>40\uff05\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u66fe\u5e86\u4f1f\u3001\u5434\u624d\uff1a\u300a\u59a5\u5584\u5904\u7406\u6d89\u6cd5\u4e0a\u8bbf\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u957f\u6548\u673a\u5236\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff0c<\/span>2007\u5e74<\/span>8\u6708<\/span>26 \u65e5\uff0c<\/span>http:\/\/www.snzg.cn\/article\/show.php?itemid-6763\/page-1.html\uff0c<\/span>2007\u5e74<\/span>12\u6708<\/span>16 \u65e5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

(32)\u8d75\u589e\u5143\uff1a\u300a\u57fa\u5c42\u6cd5\u9662\u6d89\u8bc9\u4fe1\u8bbf\u5de5\u4f5c\u73b0\u72b6\u5256\u6790\u300b\uff0c<\/span>2007\u5e74<\/span>4\u6708<\/span>3\u65e5\uff0c<\/span>http:\/\/www.chinacourt.org\/public\/detail.php?id\uff1d<\/span>200488\uff0c<\/span>2007\u5e74<\/span>12\u6708<\/span>19\u65e5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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