{"id":1297,"date":"2012-12-25T09:40:00","date_gmt":"2012-12-25T13:40:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.law.harvard.edu\/guorui\/?p=1297"},"modified":"2012-12-25T09:40:00","modified_gmt":"2012-12-25T13:40:00","slug":"%e4%b8%96%e8%af%b4%e6%96%b0%e8%af%ad%e4%b9%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/archive.blogs.harvard.edu\/guorui\/2012\/12\/25\/%e4%b8%96%e8%af%b4%e6%96%b0%e8%af%ad%e4%b9%8b\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e16\u8bf4\u65b0\u8bed\u4e4b\u300a\u665a\u6e05\u4ee5\u964d\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bf9\u5916\u4ea4\u5f80\u4e4b\u602a\u73b0\u72b6\u300b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u665a\u6e05\u4ee5\u964d\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bf9\u5916\u4ea4\u5f80\u4e4b\u602a\u73b0\u72b6<\/p>\n

\u795d\u878d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

\u665a\u6e05\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bf9\u5916\u4ea4\u5f80\u5c61\u5c61\u53d7\u632b\uff0c\u8bba\u8005\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5b9e\u56e0\u4e2d\u56fd\u79ef\u8d2b\u79ef\u5f31\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e0a\u5219\u662f\u201c\u5f31\u56fd\u65e0\u5916\u4ea4\u201d \uff0c\u6545\u53d7\u632b\u4e43\u6b63\u5e38\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u7136\u6b64\u7b49\u8bba\u8c03\uff0c\u56fd\u4eba\u5e76\u975e\u7167\u5355\u5168\u6536\u3002\u5df4\u9ece\u548c\u4f1a\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u6765\uff0c\u4e94\u56db\u5b66\u5b50\u594b\u8d77\u6297\u4e89\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u679c\u771f\u201c\u5f31\u56fd\u65e0\u5916\u4ea4\u201d\uff1f\u51fa\u4efb\u8fc7\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u9a7b\u82f1\u3001\u6cd5\u3001\u4fc4\u56fd\u5927\u4f7f\u7684\u66fe\u7eaa\u6cfd\uff0c\u5c31\u53d1\u73b0\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u5373\u4fbf\u5f31\u5c0f\uff0c\u90fd\u5f97\u4ee5\u4fdd\u5168\u81ea\u4e3b\u4e4b\u6743\uff1a\u201c\u897f\u6d0b\u5404\u56fd\u4ee5\u516c\u6cd5\u81ea\u76f8\u7ef4\u5236\uff0c\u4fdd\u5168\u5c0f\u56fd\u9644\u5eb8\uff0c\u4ffe\u7686\u6709\u81ea\u4e3b\u4e4b\u6743\u3002\u201d\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0d\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5f3a\u5f31\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u89c6\u91ce\u4e2d\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u4eab\u6709\u8005\u3002\u660e\u767d\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u8ba9\u66fe\u7eaa\u6cfd\u5728\u4e0e\u897f\u65b9\u4eba\u7684\u5bf9\u5916\u4ea4\u5f80\u4e2d\u4e0d\u4ea2\u4e0d\u5351\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u9886\u571f\u548c\u4e3b\u6743\u5229\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u201c\u5f31\u56fd\u65e0\u5916\u4ea4\u201d\u53ea\u662f\u76db\u5ba3\u6000\u4e4b\u6d41\u5356\u56fd\u5b98\u5458\u7684\u501f\u53e3\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u81ea\u8eab\u804c\u8d23\u4e0a\u73a9\u5ffd\u804c\u5b88\uff0c\u5374\u628a\u95ee\u9898\u5f52\u7ed3\u4e3a\u56fd\u5f31\uff1b\u4ed6\u4eec\u7528\u56fd\u5bb6\u5229\u76ca\u6765\u963f\u8c00\u5949\u627f\uff0c\u6362\u5f97\u4e0e\u5916\u56fd\u5546\u4eba\u3001\u5b98\u5458\u7684\u826f\u597d\u79c1\u4eba\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e0d\u653e\u8fc7\u4ece\u4e2d\u6e14\u5229\uff0c \u5bf9\u76db\u7684\u963f\u8c00\u5949\u627f\u5728\u79c1\u4eba\u4fe1\u51fd\u91cc\u5374\u4e0d\u7531\u81ea\u4e3b\u5730\u6d41\u9732\u51fa\u9119\u5937\u3002\uff08\u300a\u5929\u6d25\u9886\u4e8b\u4fe1\u51fd\u300b\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u6863\u6848\u9986\u85cf\uff09\uff09\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5bf9\u50cf\u66fe\u7eaa\u6cfd\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5b98\u5458\uff0c\u4e0e\u4ed6\u6253\u4ea4\u9053\u7684\u5916\u56fd\u5546\u4eba\u3001\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u867d\u6ca1\u5360\u5230\u4fbf\u5b9c\uff0c\u5185\u5fc3\u5374\u5bf9\u4ed6\u5c0a\u656c\u6709\u52a0\u3002\u4e2d\u6cd5\u8d8a\u5357\u6218\u4e8b\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u66fe\u7eaa\u6cfd\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u4e0e\u6cd5\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u8fdb\u884c\u8c08\u5224\uff0c\u7acb\u573a\u5f3a\u786c\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u6e05\u5ef7\u4e0a\u5c42\u610f\u56fe\u4e3b\u548c\uff0c\u66fe\u88ab\u89e3\u9664\u9a7b\u6cd5\u516c\u4f7f\u7684\u804c\u52a1\u3002\u56de\u4e2d\u56fd\u524d\uff0c\u66fe\u7eaa\u6cfd\u7528\u82f1\u6587\u5728\u4f26\u6566\u300a\u4e9a\u6d32\u5b63\u520a\u300b\u53d1\u8868\u6587\u7ae0\u300aChina, the Sleep and the Awakening\u300b\uff08\u4e2d\u8bd1\u540d\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5148\u7761\u540e\u9192\u8bba\u300b\uff09\uff0c\u8bae\u8bba\u5916\u4ea4\u4e8b\u52a1\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u6f5c\u529b\u3002\u65f6\u4efb\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u4f7f\u7684\u767b\u6bd4\uff08Ambassador Charles Denby\uff09\u5728\u5199\u7ed9\u56fd\u52a1\u537fBayard\u7684\u4fe1\u4e2d\u8bc4\u8bba\u6b64\u6587\u3002\uff08The letter is from The Executive Documents of the House of Representatives, for the first session of the fifteenth congress, 1887-88. Congressional Edition, Volume 2532, page 211.) \u767b\u6bd4\u5927\u4f7f\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4f4d\u654f\u9510\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u5982\u66fe\u4faf\u7235\u8005\uff0c\u8d5e\u8a89\u6211\u56fd\u5bf9\u5f85\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u53cb\u597d\u5e76\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u56fd\u9645\u4e49\u52a1\u4e0e\u793c\u8ba9\u7684\u575a\u5b9a\u9075\u5b88\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u7b49\u5341\u5206\u53d7\u9f13\u52b1\u3002\u201d\uff08”It is encouraging to see so astute an observer as the Marquis pay so high attribute to the friendly and just disposition of the United States towards China and our firm respect for international obligations and comity.”\uff09<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u53ef\u60dc\uff0c\u66fe\u7eaa\u6cfd\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4eba\u5c11\u4e4b\u53c8\u5c11\u3002\u800c\u81ea\u665a\u6e05\u4ee5\u964d\uff0c\u5728\u516c\u4e8b\u4e0a\u8086\u65e0\u5fcc\u60ee\u7684\u73a9\u5ffd\u804c\u5b88\u548c\u5728\u79c1\u4eba\u5173\u7cfb\u65b9\u9762\u6ca1\u6709\u539f\u5219\u7684\u963f\u8c00\u5949\u627f\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b98\u5458\u5bf9\u5916\u4ea4\u5f80\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u9c9c\u660e\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u76f4\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c\u5c42\u51fa\u4e0d\u7a77\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u8c61\u76db\u5ba3\u6000\u4e4b\u6d41\u3002\u800c\u8fd1\u65e5\u56f4\u7ed5\u4e2d\u6b27\u6cd5\u5b66\u9662\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u602a\u73b0\u72b6\u4e4b\u53c8\u4e00\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

2011\u5e743\u670816\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cd5\u5927\u5b66\u4e2d\u6b27\u6cd5\u5b66\u9662\u53d6\u5f97\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cd5\u5927\u5b66\u4e2d\u6b27\u6cd5\u5b66\u9662\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4e2d\u6b27\u6cd5\u5b66\u9662\u201d\u3001\u201cCESL\u201d\u3001\u201cECSL\u201d\u7b49\u5546\u6807\u7533\u8bf7\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u6b27\u6cd5\u5b66\u9662\u6ce8\u518c\u5546\u6807\u4e00\u5e74\u591a\u4e4b\u540e\u76842012\u5e747\u670818\u65e5\u52308\u670831\u65e5\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u6c49\u5821\u5927\u5b66\u5148\u540e\u7528\u201cCESL\u201d,\u201cECSL\u201d\uff0c\u201cChina EU School of Law\u201d(\u6587\u5b57), \u201cEU China School of Law\u201d\uff0c \u201cChina EU School of Law\u201d(\u6587\u5b57\u548c\u56fe\u6807)\u5411\u6b27\u6d32\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u5546\u6807\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6ce8\u518c\u6691\uff08OHIM\uff09\u7533\u8bf7\u4e86\u4ee5\u6c49\u5821\u5927\u5b66\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7684\u4e94\u9879\u5546\u6807\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff1aCESL\u548cECSL\u5df2\u4e8e2012\u5e7411\u670815\u65e5\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86OHIM\u6279\u51c6\uff1bEU-China School of Law\uff08\u6587\u5b57\uff09\u3001China-EU School of Law\uff08\u6587\u5b57\uff09\u4e24\u9879\u5546\u6807\u7533\u8bf7\u6b63\u5728\u5ba1\u67e5\u671f\uff1bChina-EU School of Law(\u56fe\u6848)\u5c1a\u5728\u516c\u544a\u671f\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u6b27\u6cd5\u5b66\u9662\u4e2d\u65b9\u9662\u957f\u65b9\u6d41\u82b3\u6559\u6388\u63d0\u51fa\u6297\u8bae\uff0c\u5374\u4e0d\u6599\u6c49\u5821\u5927\u5b66\u5df2\u91dc\u5e95\u62bd\u85aa\uff1a\u6c49\u5821\u5927\u5b66\u5b98\u5458\u5df2\u8981\u6c42\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cd5\u5927\u5b66\u6821\u65b9\u9a71\u9010\u63d0\u51fa\u6297\u8bae\u7684\u4e2d\u65b9\u9662\u957f\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u5ef6\u957f\u4e2d\u6b27\u6cd5\u5b66\u9662\u9879\u76ee\u4e24\u5e74\u5e76\u7acb\u5373\u62e8\u6b3e100\u4e07\u5143\u7ecf\u8d39\u3002\u4e2d\u65b9\u6821\u957f\u7adf\u4e00\u53e3\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9879\u76ee\u5ef6\u957f\u4e24\u5e74\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u524d\u8ff0\u4e2d\u6b27\u6cd5\u5b66\u9662\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5546\u6807\u5f02\u8bae\u4e91\u4e91\uff0c\u5c31\u6b64\u9677\u5165\u50f5\u5c40\uff0c\u773c\u89c1\u516c\u544a\u671f\u6ee1\uff0c\u6c49\u5821\u5927\u5b66\u5373\u5c06\u53d6\u5f97\u5546\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65b9\u6d41\u82b3\u9662\u957f\u4ee5\u5bd3\u8a00\u8b66\u544a\u4e2d\u65b9\u6821\u957f\uff0c\u8bf4\u6076\u679c\u5fc5\u5230\uff0c\u4e2d\u65b9\u6821\u957f\u6050\u4e00\u65e0\u6240\u5f97\u3002\u5bd3\u8a00\u540d\u4e3a\u300a2012\u5e74\u7ae5\u8bdd\uff1a\u5f11\u5b50\u5a5a\u59fb\u300b\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u6751\u5987\u6842\u82b1\u62db\u65e5\u8033\u66fc\u4eba\u6c57\u9af1\u4e3a\u5a7f\u3002\u6842\u82b1\u6d45\u8584\u611a\u949d\u800c\u4e0d\u6c42\u4e0a\u8fdb\uff0c\u8d2a\u5c0f\u5229\u800c\u80f8\u65e0\u5927\u5fd7\uff0c\u559c\u5f20\u626c\u800c\u4e00\u4e8b\u65e0\u6210\uff0c\u552f\u4ee5\u5ac1\u4e0e\u65e5\u8033\u66fc\u4eba\u4e3a\u8363\u3002\u6842\u82b1\u5a5a\u540e\u5e38\u7a83\u559c\u50bb\u7b11\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e3a\u81ea\u6b64\u8131\u4e9a\u5165\u6b27\uff0c\u9ad8\u4eba\u4e00\u7b49\uff0c\u6c57\u9af1\u6781\u9119\u89c6\u6842\u82b1\u3002\u6c57\u9af1\u6027\u8d2a\u5a6a\u3001\u51f6\u608d\u800c\u6545\u4f5c\u61a8\u6001\uff0c\u9605\u4e16\u6df1\u800c\u5047\u88c5\u5929\u771f\uff0c\u4ee5\u5a5a\u59fb\u4e3a\u8c0b\u5229\u4e4b\u5177\u3002\u6c57\u9af1\u4e0e\u6842\u82b1\u6709\u5a5a\u524d\u7ea6\u5b9a\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\u201c\u5a5a\u671f5\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u5916\u5609\u5bbe\u8d60\u9001\u793c\u91d1300\u4e07\u6b27\u5143\u5168\u90e8\u5b58\u5165\u6c57\u9af1\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u94f6\u884c\u7684\u5e10\u6237\uff1b\u751f\u5b50\u5171\u540c\u629a\u517b5\u5e74\uff0c\u6c57\u9af1\u627f\u62c5\u4e00\u534a\u629a\u517b\u8d39\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u6842\u82b1\u751f\u5b50\uff0c\u53d6\u540d\u8d5b\u5c14\u3002\u8d5b\u5c14\u4e0e\u7236\u6bcd\u8fe5\u5f02\uff0c\u4eea\u8868\u5802\u7687\uff0c\u5929\u8d44\u806a\u9896\uff0c\u843d\u5730\u5373\u996e\u98df\u5954\u8d70\u5982\u6210\u4eba\uff0c\u65e5\u968f\u6559\u5e08\u65b9\u9f0e\u7ec3\u6b66\u4e60\u6587\uff0c\u6570\u6708\u540e\u77eb\u5065\u5982\u98de\uff0c\u4e0b\u7b14\u4e07\u8a00\uff0c\u65b9\u9f0e\u6df1\u559c\u7231\u4e4b\u3002\u6c57\u9af1\u89c1\u8d5b\u5c14\u5353\u8d8a\u8d85\u7fa4\uff0c\u4e0e\u65b9\u9f0e\u60c5\u540c\u7236\u5b50\uff0c\u9042\u754f\u60e7\u3001\u5fcc\u6068\uff0c\u7a83\u4e0e\u6842\u82b1\u8a00\uff1a\u201c\u8d5b\u5c14\u968f\u6211\u7b49\u5a5a\u59fb\u800c\u751f\uff0c\u4ea6\u5f53\u9042\u6211\u7b49\u5a5a\u59fb\u7ec8\u7ed3\u800c\u4ea1\u3002\u8d5b\u5c14\u4e0d\u80fd\u6d3b\u8fc7\u4e94\u5c81\uff0c\u5a5a\u671f\u5c4a\u6ee1\u65e5\uff0c\u5f53\u7ed3\u675f\u8d5b\u5c14\u7684\u6027\u547d\u3002\u201d\u6842\u82b1\u552f\u552f\u3002\u65b9\u9f0e\u95fb\u4e4b\u5927\u6012\uff0c\u65a5\u6842\u82b1\u865a\u5984\u7cca\u6d82\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u56fd\u6cd5\uff0c\u6842\u82b1\u4e00\u65f6\u6c57\u989c\u8bed\u585e\u3002\u65b9\u9f0e\u9042\u5168\u6743\u76d1\u62a4\u8d5b\u5c14\uff0c\u5e38\u643a\u5251\u76fe\u5728\u8eab\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6c57\u9af1\u52a0\u5bb3\u3002\u6c57\u9af1\u81ea\u6043\u6709\u82e5\u5e72\u5728\u534e\u6d0b\u4eba\u5192\u9669\u5bb6\u6491\u8170\uff0c\u5c61\u5c61\u6311\u8845\u65b9\u9f0e\uff0c\u6842\u82b1\u4e0d\u8a00\u8bed\uff0c\u6c57\u9af1\u66f4\u56a3\u5f20\u3002\u65b9\u9f0e\u5fcd\u65e0\u53ef\u5fcd\uff0c\u4e0e\u6c57\u9af1\u5bf9\u51b3\u6570\u6b21\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e24\u62db\uff0c\u65b9\u9f0e\u5373\u5355\u81c2\u5236\u670d\u6c57\u9af1\uff0c\u6c57\u9af1\u72fc\u72c8\u4e0d\u582a\u3002\u65b9\u9f0e\u8b66\u544a\u6c57\u9af1\uff1a\u201c\u4f60\u4eec\u5a5a\u671f\u6709\u671f\uff0c\u8d5b\u5c14\u751f\u547d\u65e0\u9650\u3002\u4f60\u548c\u6842\u82b1\u4f55\u65f6\u79bb\u5a5a\uff0c\u65e0\u5173\u6211\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u8c01\u6562\u52a8\u8d5b\u5c14\u4e00\u6839\u6c57\u6bdb\uff0c\u53eb\u4f60\u7acb\u65f6\u8db4\u4e0b\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u6c57\u9af1\u8854\u6068\uff0c\u9042\u514b\u6263\u8d5b\u5c14\u751f\u6d3b\u8d39\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u6842\u82b1\u4e0d\u8a00\u8bed\uff0c\u7136\u65b9\u9f0e\u65e9\u6709\u5e94\u5bf9\u3002\u6c57\u9af1\u5077\u5077\u4ee5\u8d5b\u5c14\u4e4b\u540d\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u6ce8\u518c\u5546\u6807\uff0c\u79f0\uff1a\u8d5b\u5c14\u5982\u4e0d\u542c\u547d\uff0c\u5c31\u5265\u593a\u8d5b\u5c14\u7684\u59d3\u540d\uff0c\u8ba9\u8d5b\u5c14\u6210\u4e3a\u65e0\u540d\u65e0\u59d3\u4e4b\u4eba\uff0c\u6842\u82b1\u4e0d\u8a00\u8bed\uff0c\u7136\u65b9\u9f0e\u5df2\u5c06\u8d5b\u5c14\u4e4b\u540d\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u767b\u8bb0\u9020\u518c\uff0c\u8d5b\u5c14\u65e0\u865e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6c57\u9af1\u81ea\u5fd6\uff1a\u201c\u65b9\u9f0e\u6321\u8def\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u662f\u597d\uff1f\u201d\u9042\u6c42\u6559\u4e8e\u6842\u82b1\u6751\u91cc\u6e38\u624b\u597d\u95f2\u4e4b\u201c\u5e26\u8def\u5927\u54e5\u201d\uff0c\u8bf1\u4e4b\u4ee5\u5de7\u514b\u529b\u4e00\u679a\u3002\u201c\u5e26\u8def\u5927\u54e5\u201d\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u5a5a\u671f\u5373\u5c06\u5c4a\u6ee1\uff0c\u6842\u82b1\u5750\u7acb\u4e0d\u5b89\uff0c\u60df\u6050\u4e00\u65e5\u4e3a\u5f03\u5987\uff0c\u7ec8\u751f\u5728\u6751\u91cc\u65e0\u5730\u81ea\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e0d\u59a8\u865a\u4e0e\u5e94\u4ed8\uff0c\u8bfa\u4ee5\u5ef6\u957f\u5a5a\u671f\uff0c\u6b64\u65e0\u77e5\u6751\u5987\u5b9a\u4f1a\u89c1\u5229\u5fd8\u4e49\uff0c\u8d76\u8d70\u65b9\u9f0e\u3002\u201d\u6c57\u9af1\u95fb\u8a00\u5927\u559c\uff0c\u9042\u8bf1\u529d\u6842\u82b1\uff0c\u66f0\uff1a\u201c\u65b9\u9f0e\u4e43\u4e00\u6840\u9a9c\u4e0d\u9a6f\u4e4b\u72c2\u4eba\uff0c\u8d5b\u5c14\u5e38\u968f\u65b9\u9f0e\uff0c\u8033\u6fe1\u76ee\u67d3\uff0c\u65e5\u540e\u5b9a\u4e0e\u6211\u7b49\u79bb\u5fc3\u79bb\u5fb7\uff0c\u6b64\u4f55\u4ee5\u582a\uff1f\u53ea\u8981\u4f60\u8d76\u8d70\u65b9\u9f0e\uff0c\u54b1\u4fe9\u5a5a\u671f\u5c31\u53ef\u5ef6\u957f\u4e24\u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u7acb\u9a6c\u4ece\u5fb7\u56fd\u7ed9\u4f60\u62e8\u6b3e100\u4e07\u6b27\u5143\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8d5b\u5c14\u548c\u4f60\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u8d39\u3002\u5982\u4f55\uff1f\u201d\u6842\u82b1\u5148\u662f\u795e\u60c5\u5446\u6ede\uff0c\u7ee7\u800c\u70b9\u5934\u50bb\u7b11\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u7ed9\u65b9\u9f0e\u4e0b\u9010\u5ba2\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0a\u7f51\u516c\u544a\u3002\u65b9\u9f0e\u62c2\u8896\u800c\u53bb\uff0c\u4e0e\u8d5b\u5c14\u4f9d\u4f9d\u60dc\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u8d5b\u5c14\u5931\u8e2a\uff0c\u7591\u4e3a\u6c57\u9af1\u8c0b\u6740\uff0c\u6842\u82b1\u4e3a\u540c\u8c0b\u3002\u6751\u91cc\u4e5f\u6709\u4f20\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bf4\u662f\u65b9\u9f0e\u6551\u8d70\u4e86\u8d5b\u5c14\uff0c\u4e24\u4eba\u90fd\u9690\u59d3\u57cb\u540d\u3002\u4e24\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u6c57\u9af1\u4e0e\u6842\u82b1\u79bb\u5a5a\uff0c\u6c57\u9af1\u94f6\u884c\u5e10\u53f7\u91cc\u7684\u793c\u91d1\u4f59\u989d\u5c1a\u6709200\u4e07\u6b27\u5143\u5de6\u53f3\u3002\u6842\u82b1\u4e00\u65e0\u6240\u6709\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u6751\u91cc\uff0c\u4e0e\u201c\u5e26\u8def\u5927\u54e5\u201d\u4e00\u8d77\u529e\u8d77\u201c\u6d89\u5916\u5a5a\u59fb\u8f85\u5bfc\u73ed\u201d\uff0c\u73b0\u8eab\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u8a00\u4f20\u8eab\u6559\uff0c\u6751\u91cc\u4eba\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u539a\u8138\u76ae\u6842\u82b1\u201d\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u5e74\uff0c\u6c57\u9af1\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6709\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5a5a\u59fb\uff0c\u6536\u5230\u4e2d\u5916\u5609\u5bbe\u7684\u793c\u91d1150\u4e07\u6b27\u5143\uff0c\u53c8\u7edf\u7edf\u5b58\u8fdb\u4e86\u4ed6\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u94f6\u884c\u8d26\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n

\u539f\u6587\u89c1http:\/\/fangliufang.blog.caixin.com\/archives\/50019<\/a><\/p>\n

\uff08\u672c\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u6ce8\uff1a\u8d5b\u5c14\uff1aCESL\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cd5\u5927\u5b66\u4e2d\u6b27\u6cd5\u5b66\u9662\uff1b\u6c57\u9af1\uff1a\u6c49\u5821\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u4e2d\u6b27\u6cd5\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u5408\u4f5c\u65b9\uff1b\u6842\u82b1\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cd5\u5927\u5b66\uff1b\u201c\u5e26\u8def\u515a\u201d\uff1a\u719f\u6089\u4e2d\u56fd\u60c5\u5f62\u3001\u4e3a\u6b27\u65b9\u51fa\u9669\u6076\u62db\u6570\u725f\u5229\u7684\u5356\u56fd\u8005\uff1b\u65b9\u9f0e\uff1a\u4e2d\u6b27\u6cd5\u5b66\u9662\u4e2d\u65b9\u9662\u957f\u65b9\u6d41\u82b3\u6559\u6388\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n

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\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5bf9\u50cf\u66fe\u7eaa\u6cfd\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5b98\u5458\uff0c\u4e0e\u4ed6\u6253\u4ea4\u9053\u7684\u5916\u56fd\u5546\u4eba\u3001\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u867d\u6ca1\u5360\u5230\u4fbf\u5b9c\uff0c\u5185\u5fc3\u5374\u5bf9\u4ed6\u5c0a\u656c\u6709\u52a0\u3002\u4e2d\u6cd5\u8d8a\u5357\u6218\u4e8b\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u66fe\u7eaa\u6cfd\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u4e0e\u6cd5\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u8fdb\u884c\u8c08\u5224\uff0c\u7acb\u573a\u5f3a\u786c\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u6e05\u5ef7\u4e0a\u5c42\u610f\u56fe\u4e3b\u548c\uff0c\u66fe\u88ab\u89e3\u9664\u9a7b\u6cd5\u516c\u4f7f\u7684\u804c\u52a1\u3002\u56de\u4e2d\u56fd\u524d\uff0c\u66fe\u7eaa\u6cfd\u7528\u82f1\u6587\u5728\u4f26\u6566\u300a\u4e9a\u6d32\u5b63\u520a\u300b\u53d1\u8868\u6587\u7ae0\u300aChina, the Sleep and the Awakening\u300b\uff08\u4e2d\u8bd1\u540d\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5148\u7761\u540e\u9192\u8bba\u300b\uff09\uff0c\u8bae\u8bba\u5916\u4ea4\u4e8b\u52a1\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u6f5c\u529b\u3002\u65f6\u4efb\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u4f7f\u7684\u767b\u6bd4\uff08Ambassador Charles Denby\uff09\u5728\u5199\u7ed9\u56fd\u52a1\u537fBayard\u7684\u4fe1\u4e2d\u8bc4\u8bba\u6b64\u6587\u3002\uff08The letter is from The Executive Documents of the House of Representatives, for the first session of the fifteenth congress, 1887-88. … Continue reading 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