{"id":2786,"date":"2004-12-27T18:29:01","date_gmt":"2004-12-27T22:29:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.law.harvard.edu\/dbnews\/2004\/12\/27\/the-first-american-genocide\/"},"modified":"2004-12-27T18:29:01","modified_gmt":"2004-12-27T22:29:01","slug":"the-first-american-genocide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/archive.blogs.harvard.edu\/dowbrigade\/2004\/12\/27\/the-first-american-genocide\/","title":{"rendered":"The First American Genocide"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a name='a4377'><\/a><\/p>\n<table width=\"537\" border=\"0\">\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\">\n<p align=\"justify\"> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/cyber.law.harvard.edu\/blogs\/static\/dowbrigade\/elwha.jpg\" width=\"500\" height=\"336\"><br \/>\n        <em>Frances Charles, chairwoman of the Lower Elwha Klallam<br \/>\n        Tribe, counts cedar boxes holding tribal ancestors&#8217; remains unearthed<br \/>\n        by work in<br \/>\n          connection with reconstruction of the Hood Canal Bridge, a state Department<br \/>\n      of Transportation project. STEVE RINGMAN PHOTO<\/em><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p align=\"justify\">SEATTLE &#8211; If it had been only one skeleton,<br \/>\n            the project would have continued. Even a few dozen skeletons might<br \/>\n          not have been enough to persuade Washington state officials to abandon<br \/>\n          a<br \/>\n            $283 million bridge-repair project along the Strait of Juan de Fuca,<br \/>\n            about 65 miles northwest of here.<\/p>\n<p>          But what construction workers stumbled upon went beyond anything<br \/>\n          ever found in the Pacific Northwest: an ancient Indian village dating<br \/>\n            back 17 centuries, with lodges, dance halls, and cemeteries containing<br \/>\n            hundreds<br \/>\n          of skeletal remains. Nearly 300 complete skeletons have been unearthed,<br \/>\n          many of them buried in clusters, including entire extended families.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">Men and women lay in ritual embrace. Infants were buried<br \/>\n          with mothers, the young and the old lay side by side, as many as 11 in<br \/>\n          a grouping.<\/p>\n<p>          &#8221;This is just the tip. There could be thousands of people buried there,&quot; said<br \/>\n          David Rice, a senior archeologist for the Army Corps of Engineers in<br \/>\n          Seattle, who characterized the site as potentially the largest prehistoric<br \/>\n          village<br \/>\n        and burial grounds ever found in the United States.<\/p>\n<p>          The arrival of Europeans in the late 1700s and early 1800s marked the beginning<br \/>\n            of a devastating decline for the region&#8217;s Indians. Smallpox and other<br \/>\n            European diseases wiped out 90 percent of the native population, scientists<br \/>\n            say. Rice thinks the mass graves at Tse-whit-zen resulted from these<br \/>\n        illnesses.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p align=\"justify\">If there were a Hall of Fame for Genocide, the European<br \/>\n          extermination of the American Indians would surely have a featured<br \/>\n          spot. Although impossible to accurately rank human genocide in terms<br \/>\n          of total dead, anthropologists agree that the indigenous population<br \/>\n          of the area which now holds the United States at the time of contact<br \/>\n          (1492) was between 10 and 15 million.  In an almost teutonic display<br \/>\n          of efficiency, 400 years later there were fewer<br \/>\n          than 300,000 left.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">In the Latin regions of America, although genetic<br \/>\n          intermingling made extermination problematic, ethnicide was employed<br \/>\n          as a non-lethal sidekick to partial genocide. In both North and South,<br \/>\n          the dominant cultures have escaped full responsibility for the &#8216;cides<br \/>\n          due to the inadvertent collaboration of nature.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">Without genetic or acquired resistance to old European<br \/>\n          favorites like smallpox and syphilis, the Indians were decimated by<br \/>\n          disease and dropping like flies before the invading Christians ever<br \/>\n          laid a baptizing hand on their heads. <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">The diseases spread like wildfire, crossing both continents<br \/>\n          in a death march that made the European Black Plague look like a mild<br \/>\n          flu season. 60-90% fatality rates were common, complex societies fell<br \/>\n          apart, survivors wandered and reverted to savagery. Between the time<br \/>\n          Columbus&#8217;s crew hit the beaches of Atlantic South<br \/>\n          America<br \/>\n          (1492)<br \/>\n          and<br \/>\n          when Pizarro<br \/>\n          invaded<br \/>\n          Pacific<br \/>\n          Peru<br \/>\n          40 years<br \/>\n          later the diseases had beaten him to the punch. The Inca Empire was<br \/>\n          dying from exotic European diseases, explaining in large part how 200<br \/>\n          pestilent Spanish thugs could conquer an advanced civilization with<br \/>\n          millions<br \/>\n          of inhabitants.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">These bodies in Washington represent direct physical<br \/>\n          evidence of the greatest genocide this hemisphere has ever seen.&nbsp; It<br \/>\n          will be interesting to see how this story develops, and we will try<br \/>\n          to keep<br \/>\n          an eye on it.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">from the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.boston.com\/news\/nation\/articles\/2004\/12\/27\/discovery_of_ancient_village_derails_bridge_repair\/\">Boston Globe<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Frances Charles, chairwoman of the Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe, counts cedar boxes holding tribal ancestors&#8217; remains unearthed by work in connection with reconstruction of the Hood Canal Bridge, a state Department of Transportation project. STEVE RINGMAN PHOTO SEATTLE &#8211; If &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.blogs.harvard.edu\/dowbrigade\/2004\/12\/27\/the-first-american-genocide\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":299,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1444],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2786","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-prose-screeds"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.blogs.harvard.edu\/dowbrigade\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2786","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.blogs.harvard.edu\/dowbrigade\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.blogs.harvard.edu\/dowbrigade\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.blogs.harvard.edu\/dowbrigade\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/299"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.blogs.harvard.edu\/dowbrigade\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2786"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/archive.blogs.harvard.edu\/dowbrigade\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2786\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.blogs.harvard.edu\/dowbrigade\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2786"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.blogs.harvard.edu\/dowbrigade\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2786"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.blogs.harvard.edu\/dowbrigade\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2786"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}